The past decades have provided remarkable insights into how the eukaryotic cell nucleus and the genome within it are organized. The combined use of imaging, biochemistry and molecular biology approaches has revealed several basic principles of nuclear architecture and function, including the existence of chromatin domains of various sizes, the presence of a large number of non-membranous intranuclear bodies, non-random positioning of genes and chromosomes in 3D space, and a prominent role of the nuclear lamina in organizing genomes. Despite this tremendous progress in elucidating the biological properties of the cell nucleus, many questions remain. Here, we highlight some of the key open areas of investigation in the field of nuclear organization and genome architecture with a particular focus on the mechanisms and principles of higher-order genome organization, the emerging role of liquid phase separation in cellular organization, and the functional role of the nuclear lamina in physiological processes.

中文翻译：

---

地图上的空白点：当前有关核组织和基因组结构的一些问题。

在过去的几十年中，人们对真核细胞核及其内部基因组的组织方式提供了非凡的见解。成像，生物化学和分子生物学方法的结合使用揭示了核结构和功能的几个基本原理，包括存在各种大小的染色质结构域，存在大量的非膜核内体，核素的非随机定位。基因和3D空间中的染色体，以及核层在组织基因组中的重要作用。尽管在阐明细胞核生物学特性方面取得了巨大进步，但仍然存在许多问题。这里，