The bottom sediments in catchment areas behind dams play a significant role in water ecosystems. On the other hand, the structure of sediments makes them a natural geosorbent, in which pollutants introduced to the aquatic environment accumulate. The use of biotests is recognised as an important approach for the assessment of the quality of bottom sediments, as the chemical analysis of sediment samples alone does not provide evidence of the impact of contaminants on biota. The aim of the study was to apply the chemical and ecological indices to determine the potential risk posed by trace elements in the bottom sediments and to evaluate sediment toxicity using organisms belonging to two taxonomic groups, i.e., plants (Phytotoxkit) and crustaceans (Rapidtoxkit). The 46 sediment samples were taken from the Rożnów Dam Reservoir in Southern Poland. The mean concentration of the trace elements in the sediments was 5.22 mg As; 0.26 mg Cd; 63.23 mg Cr; 28.65 mg Cu; 37.11 mg Ni; 11.15 mg Pb; 69.69 mg Zn and 0.09 mg Hg ∙ kg-1 d.m. The mean probable effect concentration quotient (PECq) value among different sampling sites ranged between 0.04 and 0.33 suggested moderate potential toxicity to the biological communities in bottom sediments. The Ni was potentially the most toxic element for biota in the Rożnów Reservoir. The sensitivity of organisms formed the following order: Thamnocephalus platyurus >Lepidium sativum >Sinapis alba >Sorghum saccharatum. For the plants, the stimulating effect of bottom sediments on root growth was often indicated, while a toxic effect was demonstrated for T. platyurus in 80% of the samples. However, the correlation analysis and PCA results showed that trace elements that originated from similar sources were associated to the toxicity of sediments towards T. platyurus, while ecotoxicity for plants could not be explained by the content of trace elements in bottom sediments. T. platyurus is a good indicator for predicting the toxicity of bottom sediments from the Rożnów Reservoir. However, our study found that both chemical and ecotoxicological analyses are important for a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of bottom sediments.

中文翻译：

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Rożnów水库（波兰）底部沉积物中微量元素的生态毒理学特征和生态风险评估。

大坝后面集水区的底部沉积物在水生态系统中起着重要作用。另一方面，沉积物的结构使其成为天然的地质吸附剂，其中引入水生环境的污染物会积聚。生物测试被认为是评估底部沉积物质量的重要方法，因为仅对沉积物样本进行化学分析并不能提供污染物对生物群影响的证据。该研究的目的是应用化学和生态指数来确定底部沉积物中微量元素构成的潜在风险，并使用属于两个分类组的生物（即植物（Phytotoxkit）和甲壳类动物（Rapidtoxkit））评估沉积物毒性。 。46个沉积物样本是从波兰南部的Rożnów大坝水库中采集的。沉积物中微量元素的平均浓度为5.22 mg As；0.26 mg镉；63.23 mg铬; 28.65毫克铜; 37.11毫克镍; 11.15 mg铅；69.69 mg Zn和0.09 mg Hg∙kg-1 dm在不同采样点之间的平均有效浓度商（PECq）值介于0.04和0.33之间，表明对底部沉积物的生物群落具有中等潜在的毒性。镍可能是罗诺夫水库中生物区系最具毒性的元素。生物体的敏感性按以下顺序排列：扁头鼠>沙皮草>芥子>高粱。对于植物，经常显示出底部沉积物对根系生长的刺激作用，而在80％的样品中证实了对桔梗的毒性作用。然而，相关性分析和PCA结果表明，来自相似来源的微量元素与沉积物对桔梗的毒性有关，而对植物的生态毒性不能用底部沉积物中微量元素的含量来解释。鸭嘴兽（T. platyurus）是预测Rożnów水库底部沉积物毒性的良好指标。但是，我们的研究发现，化学和生态毒理学分析对于全面评估底部沉积物的质量都很重要。platyurus是预测Rożnów水库底部沉积物毒性的良好指标。但是，我们的研究发现，化学和生态毒理学分析对于全面评估底部沉积物的质量都很重要。platyurus是预测Rożnów水库底部沉积物毒性的良好指标。但是，我们的研究发现，化学和生态毒理学分析对于全面评估底部沉积物的质量都很重要。