BACKGROUND GIS (Geographic Information Systems) based behavior maps are useful for visualizing and analyzing how children utilize their play spaces. However, a GIS needs accurate locational information to ensure that observations are correctly represented on the layout maps of play spaces. The most commonly used tools for observing and coding free play among children in indoor play spaces require that locational data be collected alongside other play variables. There is a need for a practical, cost-effective approach for extending most tools for analyzing free play by adding geospatial locational information to children's behavior data collected in indoor play environments. RESULTS We provide a non-intrusive approach to adding locational information to behavior data acquired from video recordings of preschool children in their indoor play spaces. The gridding technique showed to be a cost-effective method of gathering locational information about children from video recordings of their indoor physical activities and social behaviors. Visualizing the proportions of categories and observed intervals was done using bubble pie charts which allowed for the merging of multiple categorical information on one map. The addition of locational information to other play activity and social behavior data presented the opportunity to assess what types of equipment or play areas may encourage different physical activities and social behaviors among preschool children. CONCLUSIONS Gridding is an effective method for providing locational data when analyzing physical activities and social behaviors of preschool children in indoor spaces. It is also reproducible for most GIS behavior mapping focusing on indoor environments. This bypasses the need to have positioning devices attached to children during observations, which can raise ethical considerations regarding children's privacy and methodological implications with children playing less naturally. It also supports visualizations on behavior maps making them easier to interpret.

中文翻译：

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室内学前设施中儿童身体活动和社会行为的行为图：揭示游戏空间影响的方法挑战。

背景技术基于GIS（地理信息系统）的行为地图对于可视化和分析儿童如何利用他们的游戏空间是有用的。然而，GIS 需要准确的位置信息，以确保在游乐空间的布局地图上正确表示观察结果。用于观察和编码室内游戏空间中儿童自由游戏的最常用工具要求收集位置数据以及其他游戏变量。需要一种实用的、具有成本效益的方法来扩展大多数用于分析自由游戏的工具，通过将地理空间位置信息添加到在室内游戏环境中收集的儿童行为数据中。结果我们提供了一种非侵入式方法，将位置信息添加到从学龄前儿童在室内游乐空间的视频记录中获取的行为数据中。网格技术被证明是一种经济有效的方法，可以从儿童室内体育活动和社交行为的视频记录中收集儿童的位置信息。使用气泡饼图可视化类别的比例和观察到的间隔，该饼图允许在一张地图上合并多个类别信息。将位置信息添加到其他游戏活动和社交行为数据中，为评估哪些类型的设备或游戏区域可以鼓励学龄前儿童进行不同的体育活动和社交行为提供了机会。结论 在分析室内空间学龄前儿童的身体活动和社交行为时，网格是提供位置数据的有效方法。对于大多数专注于室内环境的 GIS 行为映射来说，它也是可重现的。这绕过了在观察期间将定位设备连接到儿童身上的需要，这可能会引起关于儿童隐私的道德考虑以及儿童不那么自然地玩耍的方法学影响。它还支持行为图上的可视化，使它们更容易解释。