To establish an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis following infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection, HD11 avian macrophage cells were infected with the Massachusetts 41 (M41) strain. Our results show that the M41 strain of IBV induced cytopathic effects followed by the release of new viral particles. Elevated numbers of apoptotic cells were observed at 24, 48 and 72 h post-infection (p.i.). Viral infection was associated with mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production at all of the examined timepoints p.i. In summary, IBV M41 replication in infected HD11 macrophages seems to induce mitochondrial bioenergy failure, acting as a respiratory chain uncoupler, without compromising viral replication.

中文翻译：

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感染了感染性支气管炎病毒的禽类HD11巨噬细胞中的线粒体生物能改变。

为了建立传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）感染后线粒体功能障碍与细胞凋亡之间的联系，将HD11禽巨噬细胞用马萨诸塞州41（M41）株感染。我们的结果表明，IBV的M41株诱导了细胞病变效应，随后释放了新的病毒颗粒。在感染后24、48和72小时（pi）观察到凋亡细胞数量增加。在所有检查的时间点pi，病毒感染都与线粒体膜去极化和活性氧（ROS）产生有关。总而言之，在感染的HD11巨噬细胞中IBV M41复制似乎引起线粒体生物能衰竭，充当呼吸链解偶联剂，而不损害病毒复制。