Oilseed crop oils contain a variety of unsaturated fatty acids that are synthesized and regulated by fatty acid desaturases (FADs). In this study, 14 FAD3 (ω3 desaturase) protein sequences from oilseeds are analyzed and presented through the application of several computational tools. The results indicated a close relationship between Brassica napus and Camelina sativa, as well as between Salvia hispanica and Perilla frutescens FAD3s, due to a high similarity in codon preferences in codon usage clusters and the phylogenetic tree. The cis-acting element results reveal that the seed-specific promoter region of BnFAD3 contains the critical conserved boxes such as HSE and ABRE, which are involved in responsiveness to heat stress and abscisic acid. The presence of the aforementioned conserved boxes may increase cold acclimation as well as tolerance to drought and high salinity. Omega(ω)3 desaturases contain a Skn-1 motif which is a cis-acting regulatory element required involved in endosperm development. In oilseed FAD3s, leucine is the most repeated amino acid in FAD3 proteins. The study conveyed that B. napus, Camelina sativa, Linum usitatissimum, Vernicia fordii, Gossypium hirsutum, S. hispanica, Cannabis sativa, and P. frutescens have retention signal KXKXX/XKXX at their c-terminus sites, which is one of the most important characteristics of FADs. Additionally, it was found that BnFAD3 is a transmembrane protein that can convert ω6 to ω3 fatty acids and may simultaneously act as a potassium ion channel in the ER.

中文翻译：

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内质网保留信号和跨膜通道蛋白预测油料ω3脂肪酸去饱和酶3（FAD3）基因。

油料作物油包含多种不饱和脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸是通过脂肪酸去饱和酶（FAD）合成和调节的。在这项研究中，通过应用多种计算工具对来自油料种子的14个FAD3（ω3去饱和酶）蛋白序列进行了分析和介绍。结果表明，由于在密码子使用簇和系统发育树中的密码子偏好高度相似，因此甘蓝型油菜和苜蓿茶之间，以及丹参和紫苏FAD3s之间存在密切的关系。该顺-作用元件结果表明，BnFAD3的种子特异性启动子区域包含关键的保守框，例如HSE和ABRE，它们参与了对热胁迫和脱落酸的响应。前述保守盒的存在可以增加冷驯化以及对干旱和高盐度的耐受性。ω（ω）3去饱和酶包含Skn-1基序，这是与胚乳发育有关的顺式调控元件。在油料种子FAD3中，亮氨酸是FAD3蛋白中重复次数最多的氨基酸。研究表明，B。油菜，亚麻荠，亚麻，油桐，陆地棉，小号。hispanica，大麻，和P。frutescens在其c末端位点具有保留信号KXKXX / XKXX，这是FAD的最重要特征之一。另外，发现BnFAD3是可以将ω6转化为ω3脂肪酸并且可以同时在ER中充当钾离子通道的跨膜蛋白。