Photoelectron holography constitutes a powerful tool for the ultrafast imaging of matter, as it combines high electron currents with subfemtosecond resolution, and gives information about transition amplitudes and phase shifts. Similarly to light holography, it uses the phase difference between the probe and the reference waves associated with qualitatively different ionization events for the reconstruction of the target and for ascertaining any changes that may occur. These are major advantages over other attosecond imaging techniques, which require elaborate interferometric schemes in order to extract phase differences. For that reason, ultrafast photoelectron holography has experienced a huge growth in activity, which has led to a vast, but fragmented landscape. The present review is an organizational effort towards unifying this landscape. This includes a historic account in which a connection with laser-induced electron diffraction is established, a summary of the main holographic structures encountered and their underlying physical mechanisms, a broad discussion of the theoretical methods employed, and of the key challenges and future possibilities. We delve deeper in our own work, and place a strong emphasis on quantum interference, and on the residual Coulomb potential.

中文翻译：

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这与阶段有关：超快速全息光电子成像。

光电子全息照相术是物质超快成像的有力工具，因为它结合了高电子流和亚飞秒分辨率，并提供了有关跃迁幅度和相移的信息。与光全息术类似，它使用与质量上不同的电离事件相关联的探针和参考波之间的相位差来重建目标并确定可能发生的任何变化。这些是优于其他阿秒成像技术的主要优势，后者需要复杂的干涉测量方案才能提取相位差。因此，超快光电子全息术的活动量大大增加，这导致了广阔而分散的景观。当前的审查是组织努力统一这一格局。这包括建立与激光诱导的电子衍射的联系的历史记录，总结所遇到的主要全息结构及其潜在的物理机制，对所采用的理论方法以及关键挑战和未来可能性进行广泛讨论。我们在自己的工作中进行了更深入的研究，并特别强调了量子干涉和剩余库仑势。