The Flavivirus genus of viruses includes dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), yellow fever (YFV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and West Nile (WNV) viruses. Infections with these species combined are prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical areas, affecting millions of people and ranging from asymptomatic to severe forms of the disease. They therefore pose a serious threat to global public health. Several studies imply a role for T cells in the protection but also pathogenesis against the different flavivirus species. Identifying flavivirus-specific T-cell immune profiles and determining how pre-exposure of one species might affect the immune response against subsequent infections from other species is important to further define the role of T cells in the immune response against infection. Understanding the immune profiles of the flavivirus-specific T-cell response in natural infection is important to understand the T-cell response in the context of vaccination. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on human immune profiles of flavivirus-specific T-cell reactivity, comparing natural infection with the acute form of the disease and vaccination in different flavivirus infections.

中文翻译：

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人类黄病毒特异性T细胞反应的转录组免疫谱。

黄病毒属病毒包括登革热（DENV），寨卡病毒（ZIKV），黄热病（YFV），日本脑炎（JEV）和西尼罗河（WNV）病毒。这些物种的合并感染在热带和亚热带地区普遍存在，影响数以百万计的人，从无症状到严重的疾病形式不等。因此，它们对全球公共卫生构成了严重威胁。多项研究表明，T细胞在针对不同黄病毒的保护中也发挥了作用。鉴定黄病毒特异的T细胞免疫谱并确定一个物种的预暴露如何影响针对其他物种的后续感染的免疫反应对于进一步确定T细胞在针对感染的免疫反应中的作用很重要。了解自然感染中黄病毒特异性T细胞反应的免疫特征对于了解疫苗接种背景下的T细胞反应非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于黄病毒特异性T细胞反应性人类免疫谱的最新知识，将自然感染与疾病的急性形式以及不同黄病毒感染中的疫苗接种进行了比较。