The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved kinase cascade that is fundamental for tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration. In the developing mammalian heart, Hippo signaling regulates cardiomyocyte numbers and organ size. While cardiomyocytes in the adult heart are largely postmitotic, Hippo deficiency can increase proliferation of these cells and affect cardiac regenerative capacity. Recent studies have also shown that resident cardiac fibroblasts play a critical role in disease responsiveness and healing, and in this issue of Genes and Development, Xiao and colleagues (pp. 1491-1505) demonstrate that Hippo signaling also integrates the activity of fibroblasts in the heart. They show that Hippo signaling normally maintains the cardiac fibroblast in a resting state and, conversely, its inactivation during disease-related stress results in a spontaneous transition toward a myofibroblast state that underlies fibrosis and ventricular remodeling. This phenotypic switch is associated with increased cytokine signaling that promotes nonautonomous resident fibroblast and myeloid cell activation.

中文翻译：

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河马信号再次发生：仲裁心脏成纤维细胞的身份和激活。

Hippo途径是进化上保守的激酶级联反应，对组织发育，体内平衡和再生至关重要。在发育中的哺乳动物心脏中，河马信号调节心肌细胞的数量和器官的大小。尽管成年心脏中的心肌细胞大部分是有丝分裂后的，但河马缺乏症会增加这些细胞的增殖并影响心脏的再生能力。最近的研究还表明，驻留的心脏成纤维细胞在疾病反应性和愈合中起着关键作用，在本期《基因与发育》中，Xiao及其同事（第1491-1505页）证明，河马信号传导还整合了成纤维细胞的活性。心。他们表明，河马信号传导通常将心脏成纤维细胞维持在静止状态，相反，在疾病相关的压力下其失活导致自发向成纤维细胞状态转变，这是纤维化和心室重构的基础。这种表型转换与增加的细胞因子信号传导有关，这种信号传导促进非自主的驻留成纤维细胞和髓样细胞活化。