Recently, Trichosporon taxonomy has been reevaluated and new genera of the Trichosporonaceae family have been described. Here, 26 clinical isolates were submitted for identification via sequencing of the intergenic space 1 (IGS1) region, genotyping, and investigation of virulence factors. Antifungal susceptibility was determined using the CLSI broth microdilution method for fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), and amphotericin B (AMB). Of these, 24 isolates were identified, including 12 T. asahii, 4 T. inkin, 3 T. faecale, 1 T. coremiiforme, 1 T. japonicum, 2 Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis (formerly T. dermatis), and 1 Apiotrichum mycotoxinivorans (formerly T. mycotoxinivorans). Species-level identification of 2 isolates was not successful; they were described as Trichosporon sp. We observed optimal colonial development at 35–40 °C. Lipase was the major extracellular enzyme produced (100%); caseinase was not produced (0%). Biofilms were produced by all isolates (classified as low). High AMB minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed, with all strains resistant. Fluconazole was the most active drug among the antifungals tested. However, high MICs for FLC were observed in C. dermatis and A. mycotoxinivorans species, which also showed resistance to ITC and AMB. This study, conducted in the Northern region of Brazil, identified 5 Trichosporon species along with C. dermatis and A. mycotoxinivorans and demonstrated their pathogenic potential through their ability to produce important virulence factors. This may contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology and factors related to the pathogeneses of species in the Trichosporonaceae family.

中文翻译：

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医学上重要的毛孢子菌、丝孢菌和皮肤毛孢子菌属的分子鉴定、基因分型、表型分析和抗真菌敏感性

最近，重新评估了毛孢子菌属的分类，并描述了毛孢子菌科的新属。在这里，通过基因间空间 1 (IGS1) 区域的测序、基因分型和毒力因子的调查，提交了 26 个临床分离株进行鉴定。使用 CLSI 肉汤微量稀释法测定氟康唑 (FLC)、伊曲康唑 (ITC) 和两性霉素 B (AMB) 的抗真菌敏感性。其中，鉴定出 24 株分离株，包括 12 株 T. asahii、4 T. inkin、3 T. faecale、1 T. coremiiforme、1 T. japonicum、2 Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis（以前的 T. dermatis）和 1 个 Apiotrichum mycotoxinivorans（以前的T. 食霉菌毒素）。2个分离株的种级鉴定不成功；它们被描述为Trichosporon sp。我们在 35–40 °C 观察到最佳菌落发展。脂肪酶是产生的主要胞外酶（100%）；没有产生酪蛋白酶 (0%)。生物膜由所有分离株产生（分类为低）。观察到高 AMB 最小抑制浓度 (MIC)，所有菌株均具有抗性。氟康唑是所测试的抗真菌药中活性最强的药物。然而，在 C. dermatis 和 A. mycotoxinivorans 物种中观察到 FLC 的高 MIC，它们也显示出对 ITC 和 AMB 的抗性。这项在巴西北部地区进行的研究确定了 5 种毛孢子菌以及 C. dermatis 和 A. mycotoxinivorans，并通过它们产生重要毒力因子的能力证明了它们的致病潜力。这可能有助于我们了解与 Trichosporonaceae 科物种的病原体相关的流行病学和因素。