Abstract This study compares the findings of different detection methods for microorganisms in patients with ureteral stents undergoing secondary ureterorenoscopy including the use of a novel validated examination pipeline for biofilms on ureteral stents. Of the included 94 patients, 21.3% showed bacteriuria in preoperative urine cultures. Intraoperative urine culture showed bacteriuria in four (4.3%) of the patients. Stent biofilm cultures were positive in 12.9% and qPCR detected bacterial DNA in 18.1%. The findings of the different examinations were poorly correlated with each other. Detection of microorganisms in the urinary tract of patients with indwelling ureteral stents is highly dependent on timing (i.e. pre- vs intraoperative) and method of assessment. Preoperative routine urine cultures are not predictive for intraoperative urine- and stent culture. These results cast doubt on the clinical relevance of enterococcal species, staphylococci, and streptococci if identified preoperatively prior to stent removal. The timing of oral preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis might need to be reconsidered.

中文翻译：

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在二次输尿管肾镜检查之前检测患者泌尿道微生物定植在不同类型的评估之间存在很大差异：前瞻性观察研究的结果

摘要 本研究比较了接受二次输尿管肾镜检查的输尿管支架患者不同微生物检测方法的结果，包括使用一种新型的经验证的输尿管支架生物膜检测管道。在纳入的 94 名患者中，21.3% 的患者在术前尿培养中显示菌尿。术中尿培养显示 4 名 (4.3%) 患者出现菌尿。12.9% 的支架生物膜培养呈阳性，18.1% 的 qPCR 检测到细菌 DNA。不同检查的结果彼此之间的相关性很差。留置输尿管支架患者尿路中微生物的检测高度依赖于时间（即术前与术中）和评估方法。术前常规尿培养不能预测术中尿培养和支架培养。如果在支架移除前在术前确定肠球菌属、葡萄球菌和链球菌的临床相关性，这些结果令人怀疑。可能需要重新考虑术前口服抗生素预防的时机。