Stents are cardiovascular implants deployed on atherosclerotic arteries that aid in reopening, sustaining, and avoiding their collapse. Nevertheless, postimplantation complications exist, and the risk of the renewal of the plaque subsists. Therefore, enhanced properties are mandatory requirements for clinics. For that purpose, a novel approach allowing the direct-grafting of bioactive molecules on cobalt-chromium devices (L605) has been developed. This original strategy involves the direct plasma functionalization of metallic surfaces with primary amines (-NH2). These groups act as anchor points to covalently graft biomolecules of interest, herein a peptide derived from CD31 (P23) with proendothelialization and antithrombotic properties. However, the biological activity of the grafted peptide could be impacted by its conformation. For this study, glutaric anhydride (GA), a short chain spacer, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with antifouling properties were used as linking arms (LAs). The covalent grafting of the CD31 agonist on L605 by different LAs (GA-P23 and PEG-P23) was confirmed by XPS and ToF-SIMS analyses. The biological performance of these functionalized surfaces showed that, compared to the electropolished (EP) alloy, grafting the P23 with both LA increases adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs) since day 1: EP = 68 ± 10%, GA-P23 = 101 ± 7%, and PEG-P23 = 106 ± 5% of cell viability. Moreover, ECs formed a complete monolayer at the surface, preventing clot formation (hemoglobin-free >80%). The potential of this plasma-based strategy for cardiovascular applications was confirmed by promoting a fast re-endothelialization, by improving the hemocompatibility of the alloy when coupled with the CD31 agonist and by its transfer onto commercial L605 stents, as confirmed by ToF-SIMS.

中文翻译：

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通过基于等离子的多步策略，对直接接枝到L605 CoCr合金上的CD31激动剂的连接臂效应的生物学性能进行比较。

支架是部署在动脉粥样硬化动脉上的心血管植入物，有助于重新张开，维持和避免其塌陷。然而，仍然存在植入后并发症，并且存在斑块更新的风险。因此，增强属性是诊所的强制性要求。为此，已经开发出一种新颖的方法，可以将生物活性分子直接移植到钴铬器件上（L605）。这种原始策略涉及使用伯胺（-NH2）对金属表面进行直接等离子体官能化。这些基团充当共价移植目标生物分子的锚点，此处是具有前内皮化和抗血栓形成特性的衍生自CD31（P23）的肽。但是，接枝肽的生物活性可能受到其构象的影响。对于这项研究，戊二酸酐（GA），短链间隔基和具有防污性能的聚乙二醇（PEG）被用作连接臂（LA）。XPS和ToF-SIMS分析证实了不同的LAs（GA-P23和PEG-P23）在L605上共价移植CD31激动剂。这些功能化表面的生物学性能表明，与电抛光（EP）合金相比，自第1天起，用LA接枝P23可以增加内皮细胞（EC）的粘附和增殖，EP = 68±10％，GA-P23 = 101±7％，而PEG-P23 = 106±5％的细胞活力。此外，ECs在表面形成了一个完整的单层，从而防止了血凝块的形成（无血红蛋白> 80％）。通过促进快速重新内皮化，这种基于血浆的心血管应用策略的潜力得到了证实，