Signal passed at danger (SPAD) events have been a perennial issue in rail and requires continued scholarship. Much of the literature has tended to focus on activities within the train cab, placing the spotlight on "error" within the rail driving role; however a train is not propelled by a single person but by a team. This study set out to understand how network controllers perceive the relationship dynamic between the network controller and rail driver, and how these views shape system performance. Using a phenomenological approach underpinned by Joint Cognitive Systems theory, interviews were conducted with network controllers (N = 55) across 8 rail organisations in Australia and New Zealand to examine how they related to signals and to drivers. Sixteen different perspectives were identified ranging in type and varying by frequency, each with implications for coupling strength between the controller and driver roles and on system performance. Key dimensions of teamwork in train movement were emphasised, illustrating how the underlying values and philosophies in different network controlling cultures influence risk perception. The findings may be used to develop a more informed understanding of the 'controller-signal-driver-train' system and pave the way for strategies that can embrace diversity in different perspectives whilst optimizing system safety and performance.

中文翻译：

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混合信号：作为网络控制器和铁路司机关系动态中的性能塑造因素的团队精神的内涵。

危险中的信号传递（SPAD）事件一直是铁路领域的一个长期问题，需要不断的研究。许多文献倾向于将注意力集中在火车车厢内的活动上，将焦点放在铁路驾驶角色中的“错误”上。但是，火车不是由一个人而是由一个团队来推动的。这项研究旨在了解网络控制器如何感知网络控制器和导轨驱动器之间的关系动态，以及这些视图如何影响系统性能。使用以联合认知系统理论为基础的现象学方法，对澳大利亚和新西兰的8个铁路组织的网络控制器（N = 55）进行了访谈，以检查它们与信号和驾驶员之间的关系。确定了16种不同的观点，范围从类型和频率上变化，每一个都影响控制器和驱动程序角色之间的耦合强度以及系统性能。强调了火车运动中团队合作的关键方面，说明了不同网络控制文化中的潜在价值和理念如何影响风险感知。这些发现可用于对“控制器-信号-驾驶员-火车”系统有更深入的了解，并为可以在不同角度涵盖多样性同时优化系统安全性和性能的策略铺平道路。