Yeasts are essential for many processes, including the production of some of our most beloved foods and beverages. Less is known to the public about the far-reaching impacts of yeasts on other products such as biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and industrial products. By leveraging and combining newly discovered yeast genetic diversity with now affordable and efficient genetic engineering and synthetic biology tools, academic and industrial yeast labs have designed yeast cell factories for a wide range of novel applications such as the production of medicines, components of human breast milk, heme for meat substitutes, bioplastics, and other biomaterials. This review covers the newest technologies developed for yeast research including synthetic biology and their use in the engineering of yeast cell factories for emerging applications.

中文翻译：

---

在现代生物制造时代，作为微生物工厂的酵母的复兴。

酵母对于许多过程都是必不可少的，包括生产一些我们最喜爱的食品和饮料。公众对酵母菌对其他产品（如生物燃料，药品和工业产品）的深远影响知之甚少。通过利用新发现的酵母遗传多样性与现在可负担得起的高效基因工程和合成生物学工具相结合，学术和工业酵母实验室设计出了酵母细胞工厂，用于多种新颖应用，例如药品，人乳成分的生产，血红素替代肉类，生物塑料和其他生物材料。这篇综述涵盖了为酵母研究而开发的最新技术，包括合成生物学及其在酵母细胞工厂工程中的新兴应用。