The results of studies on possible effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) on human waking electroencephalography (EEG) have been quite heterogeneous. In the majority of studies, changes in the alpha-frequency range in subjects who were exposed to different signals of mobile phone-related EMF sources were observed, whereas other studies did not report any effects. In this review, possible reasons for these inconsistencies are presented and recommendations for future waking EEG studies are made. The physiological basis of underlying brain activity, and the technical requirements and framework conditions for conducting and analyzing the human resting-state EEG are discussed. Peer-reviewed articles on possible effects of EMF on waking EEG were evaluated with regard to non-exposure-related confounding factors. Recommendations derived from international guidelines on the analysis and reporting of findings are proposed to achieve comparability in future studies. In total, 22 peer-reviewed studies on possible RF-EMF effects on human resting-state EEG were analyzed. EEG power in the alpha frequency range was reported to be increased in 10, decreased in four, and not affected in eight studies. All reviewed studies differ in several ways in terms of the methodologies applied, which might contribute to different results and conclusions about the impact of EMF on human resting-state EEG. A discussion of various study protocols and different outcome parameters prevents a scientifically sound statement on the impact of RF-EMF on human brain activity in resting-state EEG. Further studies which apply comparable, standardized study protocols are recommended. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:291-318. © 2019 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

中文翻译：

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射频电磁场对人体静息态脑电图的影响——一致性的不一致。第 1 部分：研究之间可比性的非暴露相关限制。


关于射频电磁场 (RF-EMF) 对人类清醒脑电图 (EEG) 可能影响的研究结果相当不一致。在大多数研究中，观察到暴露于与手机相关的 EMF 源的不同信号的受试者的阿尔法频率范围的变化，而其他研究没有报告任何影响。在这篇综述中，提出了这些不一致的可能原因，并对未来清醒脑电图研究提出了建议。讨论了大脑潜在活动的生理基础，以及进行和分析人体静息态脑电图的技术要求和框架条件。关于电磁场对清醒脑电图可能产生的影响的同行评审文章根据非暴露相关的混杂因素进行了评估。提出了根据关于分析和报告结果的国际准则得出的建议，以实现未来研究的可比性。总共分析了 22 项关于 RF-EMF 对人类静息态脑电图可能影响的同行评审研究。据报道，在 10 项研究中，α 频率范围内的脑电图功率增加，在 4 项研究中减少，在 8 项研究中未受影响。所有审查的研究在所采用的方法方面存在多种差异，这可能导致关于电磁场对人类静息态脑电图影响的不同结果和结论。对各种研究方案和不同结果参数的讨论阻碍了关于射频电磁场对静息态脑电图人类大脑活动影响的科学合理的陈述。建议应用可比较的标准化研究方案进行进一步的研究。生物电磁学。 2019；40：291-318。 © 2019 作者。 生物电磁学由 Wiley periodicals, Inc. 出版