Codon 72 is a hotspot of polymorphisms in the TP53 gene, which encodes a hub protein in the protein-protein interaction network of p53. It is thus a central player in the apoptotic pathway, preventing cancer. A large number of articles have been published exploring its association with an increased susceptibility to most common cancers. However, these studies have produced inconclusive results, which may be due to their small sample sizes or study designs. To comprehensively evaluate the potential correlation between the TP53 Pro72Arg polymorphism and cancer risk and to better characterize the Pro72Arg polymorphism, we performed a systematic HuGE review and meta-analysis of candidate studies through online resources, according to the proposal of MOOSE and the PRISMA statement. The identified articles were carefully examined according to the inclusion criteria. Pooled odds ratios were calculated on the basis of different genetic models, while heterogeneity was assessed through a chi-based Q-test and I2. After applying the inclusion filters, we obtained a pool of 54 eligible studies, representing 18 718 cases and 21 261 controls. Overall, non-significant cancer risk was observed in all the genetic models but their observed heterogeneity was extremely significant. In subgroup analysis, an increased susceptibility was observed in the case of colorectal cancer, while in cancers of the female reproductive system, significantly increased risk was detected in all the genetic models except the dominant model. In another subgroup analysis, significantly increased cancer risk was observed among Asians in homozygous and recessive models, while in Americans increased cancer risk was observed only in dominant and recessive models. No association was observed in the rest of the populations. In conclusion, pooled subgroup analysis on the basis of ethnicity proved that the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of cancer in Asians and Americans only and is not associated in other populations. It can therefore be concluded that this meta-analysis of available data suggests partial confirmation of the association between the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and cancer risk susceptibility.

中文翻译：

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p53 Arg72Pro多态性及其与癌症风险的关系的评估：HuGE审查和荟萃分析。

密码子72是TP53基因多态性的热点，它编码p53的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络中的中枢蛋白质。因此，它是凋亡途径中的核心角色，可预防癌症。已经发表了大量文章，探讨了其与大多数常见癌症易感性增加之间的关系。但是，这些研究产生了不确定的结果，这可能是由于它们的样本量较小或研究设计导致的。为了全面评估TP53 Pro72Arg多态性与癌症风险之间的潜在相关性并更好地表征Pro72Arg多态性，我们根据MOOSE的提议和PRISMA声明，通过在线资源对候选研究进行了系统的HuGE审查和荟萃分析。根据入选标准仔细检查鉴定出的物品。根据不同的遗传模型计算合并的优势比，而异质性则通过基于chi的Q检验和I2进行评估。应用包含过滤器后，我们获得了54份合格研究的集合，代表18 718例病例和21 261例对照。总体而言，在所有遗传模型中均观察到非重大癌症风险，但观察到的异质性极为显着。在亚组分析中，结直肠癌的易感性增加，而在女性生殖系统癌症中，除优势模型外，所有遗传模型中的风险均显着增加。在另一个亚组分析中，在纯合和隐性模型中，亚洲人的癌症风险显着增加，而在美国人中，仅显性和隐性模型中的癌症风险增加。在其余人群中未观察到关联。总之，基于族裔的汇总亚组分析证明，TP53 Arg72Pro多态性仅与亚裔和美国人患癌风险增加相关，而与其他人群无关。因此，可以得出结论，对可用数据进行的荟萃分析表明，部分证实了TP53 Arg72Pro多态性与癌症风险易感性之间的关联。基于种族的汇总亚组分析证明，TP53 Arg72Pro多态性仅与亚洲人和美国人患癌症的风险增加相关，而与其他人群无关。因此，可以得出结论，对可用数据进行的荟萃分析表明，部分证实了TP53 Arg72Pro多态性与癌症风险易感性之间的关联。基于种族的汇总亚组分析证明，TP53 Arg72Pro多态性仅与亚洲人和美国人患癌症的风险增加相关，而与其他人群无关。因此，可以得出结论，对可用数据进行的荟萃分析表明，部分证实了TP53 Arg72Pro多态性与癌症风险易感性之间的关联。