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Survival of Phortica variegata experimentally and naturally infected with Thelazia callipaeda.
Medical and Veterinary Entomology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 , DOI: 10.1111/mve.12419 T M Arme 1, 2 , R P Lia 2 , G Annoscia 2 , E Casalino 2 , M Pombi 3 , D Otranto 2, 4
Medical and Veterinary Entomology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 , DOI: 10.1111/mve.12419 T M Arme 1, 2 , R P Lia 2 , G Annoscia 2 , E Casalino 2 , M Pombi 3 , D Otranto 2, 4
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Knowledge of the effects that Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) infection has on the survival of its vector Phortica variegata (Drosophilidae, Steganinae) is scarce. The present study aimed to: (a) assess the rate of infection between experimentally infected (EI) and not experimentally infected (NEI) flies and (b) determine how T. callipaeda infection may affect the survival of P. variegata. In addition, fat composition was evaluated in flies that died during overwintering. Molecular analysis showed that T. callipaeda prevalence in flies that died before experimental infection, plus those from the NEI group, is 0.75% (i.e. 11 out of 1462 individuals). The EI group showed a significantly higher positivity to T. callipaeda (i.e. 51 out of 682 individuals; 7.48%) compared with the NEI group (i.e. 9 out of 750 individuals; 1.2%). Thelazia callipaeda DNA was detected until 147 days after experimental infection. This demonstrates that larvae of this eyeworm may survive in the fly for a significant period of the winter. Fat composition analysis showed that flies produced more unsaturated than saturated fatty acids during diapause, probably because unsaturated fatty acids remain in a liquid state at lower temperatures, providing anti-freeze properties to survive winter.
中文翻译：
实验性和自然感染了百里香的百日草（Phortica variegata）。
缺乏关于Thelazia callipaeda（Spirurida，Thelaziidae）感染对其载体Phortica variegata（Drosophilidae，Steganinae）存活的影响的知识。本研究旨在：（a）评估实验性感染（EI）和非实验性感染（NEI）蝇之间的感染率，以及（b）确定T. callipaeda感染如何影响杂色疟原虫的生存。此外，评估了在冬季过冬死亡的果蝇中的脂肪成分。分子分析显示，在实验性感染之前死亡的苍蝇中，加上NEI组的苍蝇中的T. callipaeda患病率为0.75％（即1462名个体中的11名）。与NEI组（即750个个体中的9个，占1.2％）相比，EI组显示出对T. callipaeda阳性（即682个个体中的51个； 7.48％）。直到实验感染后147天，才检测到Thelazia callipaeda DNA。这表明该eye虫的幼虫可能在冬季的相当长一段时间内存活下来。脂肪成分分析显示，滞育期间果蝇产生的不饱和脂肪酸比饱和脂肪酸更多，这可能是因为不饱和脂肪酸在较低温度下仍保持液态，从而具有抗冻特性，可在冬季生存。
更新日期：2019-11-26
中文翻译：
实验性和自然感染了百里香的百日草（Phortica variegata）。
缺乏关于Thelazia callipaeda（Spirurida，Thelaziidae）感染对其载体Phortica variegata（Drosophilidae，Steganinae）存活的影响的知识。本研究旨在：（a）评估实验性感染（EI）和非实验性感染（NEI）蝇之间的感染率，以及（b）确定T. callipaeda感染如何影响杂色疟原虫的生存。此外，评估了在冬季过冬死亡的果蝇中的脂肪成分。分子分析显示，在实验性感染之前死亡的苍蝇中，加上NEI组的苍蝇中的T. callipaeda患病率为0.75％（即1462名个体中的11名）。与NEI组（即750个个体中的9个，占1.2％）相比，EI组显示出对T. callipaeda阳性（即682个个体中的51个； 7.48％）。直到实验感染后147天，才检测到Thelazia callipaeda DNA。这表明该eye虫的幼虫可能在冬季的相当长一段时间内存活下来。脂肪成分分析显示，滞育期间果蝇产生的不饱和脂肪酸比饱和脂肪酸更多，这可能是因为不饱和脂肪酸在较低温度下仍保持液态，从而具有抗冻特性，可在冬季生存。
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