Burnout and depression pose significant threats to emotional and occupational functioning; however, questions exist over how these 2 conditions are associated with each other over time, and how these are related to underlying job stressors. The job demands-resources model provides a useful framework for understanding how job demands and job resources may lead to burnout, but questions remain about their distinct association with depression symptoms. The current study examined these questions in a sample of 402 nursing workers. The Exhaustion subscale of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression assessment, and items reflecting job demands and job resources from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were assessed at baseline; additionally, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory Exhaustion and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression were assessed over 12 monthly follow-ups. Linear mixed models assessed longitudinal bidirectional associations between burnout and depression in both concurrent and lagged models. Longitudinal models found bidirectional relationships between burnout and depression symptoms over time, with relatively stronger associations for concurrent models relative to lagged models. Job demands and job resources each predicted unique variance in burnout and depression symptoms over time. Results provide evidence that burnout and depression symptoms change in the same direction, in tandem, rather than one condition having a distinctly stronger temporal association over the other. Results also indicate that both job demands and job resources are associated with depression symptoms independent from their association with burnout symptoms. Our results highlight the importance of considering burnout symptoms, depression symptoms, and job stressors concurrently in evaluating worker mental health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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倦怠和抑郁症状以及工作需求和工作资源的独特贡献之间的滞后与同时变化。

倦怠和抑郁对情绪和职业功能构成重大威胁；然而，随着时间的推移，这两种情况如何相互关联，以及它们如何与潜在的工作压力源相关联，仍存在疑问。工作需求-资源模型为理解工作需求和工作资源如何导致倦怠提供了一个有用的框架，但关于它们与抑郁症状的明显关联仍然存在疑问。目前的研究在 402 名护理人员的样本中检查了这些问题。在基线时评估了奥尔登堡倦怠量表的疲惫子量表、患者健康问卷 9 抑郁评估以及反映工作需求和哥本哈根社会心理问卷工作资源的项目；此外，在 12 个月的随访中评估了奥尔登堡倦怠量表用尽和患者健康问卷 9 抑郁症。线性混合模型评估了并发模型和滞后模型中倦怠和抑郁之间的纵向双向关联。纵向模型发现，随着时间的推移，倦怠和抑郁症状之间存在双向关系，与滞后模型相比，并发模型的关联性相对更强。随着时间的推移，工作需求和工作资源都预测了倦怠和抑郁症状的独特差异。结果提供的证据表明，倦怠和抑郁症状在同一方向上同时变化，而不是一种情况具有明显强于另一种的时间关联。结果还表明，工作需求和工作资源都与抑郁症状相关，而与倦怠症状无关。我们的结果强调了在评估工人心理健康时同时考虑倦怠症状、抑郁症状和工作压力源的重要性。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。