Genomics is increasingly considered a global enterprise – the fact that biological information can flow rapidly around the planet is taken to be important to what genomics is and what it can achieve. However, the large-scale international circulation of nucleotide sequence information did not begin with the Human Genome Project. Efforts to formalize and institutionalize the circulation of sequence information emerged concurrently with the development of centralized facilities for collecting that information. That is, the very first databases build for collecting and sharing DNA sequence information were, from their outset, international collaborative enterprises. This paper describes the origins of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration between GenBank in the United States, the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Databank, and the DNA Database of Japan. The technical and social groundwork for the international exchange of nucleotide sequences created the conditions of possibility for imagining nucleotide sequences (and subsequently genomes) as a “global” objects. The “transnationalism” of nucleotide sequence was critical to their ontology – what DNA sequences came to be during the Human Genome Project was deeply influenced by international exchange.

中文翻译：

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全球化基因组学：国际核苷酸序列数据库合作的起源

基因组学越来越被认为是一个全球性的企业——生物信息可以在地球上快速流动的事实被认为对于基因组学是什么以及它可以实现的目标很重要。然而，核苷酸序列信息的大规模国际流通并不是从人类基因组计划开始的。将序列信息的流通正规化和制度化的努力与收集该信息的集中设施的发展同时出现。也就是说，第一个用于收集和共享 DNA 序列信息的数据库从一开始就是国际合作企业。本文介绍了美国GenBank、欧洲分子生物学实验室数据库、国际核苷酸序列数据库合作的起源。和日本的 DNA 数据库。核苷酸序列国际交换的技术和社会基础为将核苷酸序列（以及随后的基因组）想象为“全球”对象创造了可能性。核苷酸序列的“跨国主义”对​​他们的本体论至关重要——人类基因组计划期间 DNA 序列的形成深受国际交流的影响。