PURPOSE Macrophages are a major cell type that can infiltrate solid tumors and exhibit distinct phenotypes in different tumor microenvironments. This study investigates the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrated CD163+ macrophages in patients with T1 high-grade (T1HG) bladder cancer. METHODS CD163+ macrophages were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 94 T1HG bladder cancer samples. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional hazards' regression models were applied to evaluate recurrence-free survival, progression-free survival and disease-specific survival. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 60 months, 37 (39.4%) patients experienced disease recurrence, 14 (14.9%) progression, 11 (11.7%) disease-specific mortality. High CD163+ macrophages were associated with higher risk of disease recurrence and progression (P < 0.05, for both). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, high CD163+ macrophages were a significant negative predictor of recurrence-free survival, progression-free survival and disease-specific survival (P < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION CD163+ macrophages are a poor prognostic factor in T1HG bladder cancer. This finding provide the ground for further testing it in predicting the outcome of this challenging disease.

中文翻译：

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CD163 +巨噬细胞预示着原发性T1高度膀胱尿路上皮癌患者的预后不良。

目的巨噬细胞是一种主要的细胞类型，可以浸润实体瘤并在不同的肿瘤微环境中表现出不同的表型。这项研究调查了肿瘤浸润的CD163 +巨噬细胞在T1级（T1HG）膀胱癌患者中的预后价值。方法采用免疫组织化学方法对94例T1HG膀胱癌样本进行CD163 +巨噬细胞评估。Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox比例风险回归模型用于评估无复发生存，无进展生存和疾病特异性生存。结果中位随访60个月，有37例（39.4％）患者复发疾病，14例（14.9％）进展，11例（11.7％）疾病特异性死亡率。高CD163 +巨噬细胞与更高的疾病复发和进展风险相关（两者均P <0.05）。在多变量Cox比例风险回归分析中，高CD163 +巨噬细胞是无复发生存，无进展生存和疾病特异性生存的显着阴性预测指标（所有P均＜0.05）。结论CD163 +巨噬细胞是T1HG膀胱癌的不良预后因素。这一发现为进一步测试它，以预测这种具有挑战性的疾病的结果提供了基础。