In this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of group design studies of nonpharmacological early interventions designed for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we report summary effects across 7 early intervention types (behavioral, developmental, naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention [NDBI], TEACCH, sensory-based, animal-assisted, and technology-based), and 15 outcome categories indexing core and related ASD symptoms. A total of 1,615 effect sizes were gathered from 130 independent participant samples. A total of 6,240 participants, who ranged in age from 0-8 years, are represented across the studies. We synthesized effects within intervention and outcome type using a robust variance estimation approach to account for the nesting of effect sizes within studies. We also tracked study quality indicators, and report an additional set of summary effect sizes that restrict included studies to those meeting prespecified quality indicators. Finally, we conducted moderator analyses to evaluate whether summary effects across intervention types were larger for proximal as compared with distal effects, and for context-bound as compared to generalized effects. We found that when study quality indicators were not taken into account, significant positive effects were found for behavioral, developmental, and NDBI intervention types. When effect size estimation was limited to studies with randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs, evidence of positive summary effects existed only for developmental and NDBI intervention types. This was also the case when outcomes measured by parent report were excluded. Finally, when effect estimation was limited to RCT designs and to outcomes for which there was no risk of detection bias, no intervention types showed significant effects on any outcome. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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项目目标：针对幼儿研究的自闭症干预荟萃分析。


在这项针对自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 幼儿非药物早期干预的小组设计研究的全面系统回顾和荟萃分析中，我们报告了 7 种早期干预类型（行为、发育、自然发育行为干预 [NDBI]）的总结效果。 、TEACCH、基于感觉的、动物辅助的和基于技术的），以及 15 个索引核心和相关 ASD 症状的结果类别。从 130 个独立参与者样本中收集了总共 1,615 个效应大小。这些研究共有 6,240 名参与者，年龄范围为 0 至 8 岁。我们使用稳健的方差估计方法综合了干预和结果类型中的效应，以解释研究中效应大小的嵌套。我们还跟踪研究质量指标，并报告一组额外的总结效应大小，将纳入的研究限制为满足预先指定的质量指标的研究。最后，我们进行了调节分析，以评估跨干预类型的汇总效应是否与远端效应相比，近端效应更大，以及与广义效应相比，上下文相关效应是否更大。我们发现，当不考虑研究质量指标时，行为、发育和 NDBI 干预类型会产生显着的积极影响。当效应大小估计仅限于随机对照试验 (RCT) 设计的研究时，仅针对发育和 NDBI 干预类型存在积极总结效应的证据。当排除家长报告衡量的结果时，情况也是如此。 最后，当效果估计仅限于随机对照试验设计和不存在检测偏倚风险的结果时，没有任何干预类型对任何结果显示出显着影响。 （PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。