Neural stem cells (NSCs) generated neurons and glial cells. Thus, it is a preferable candidate to the cell replacement-based therapy against neural disorders. The signaling pathways that regulate differentiation of NSCs are widely studied. In the current study, we used in vitro culture system to elucidate the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in NSCs' differentiation. Downregulation of STAT1 inhibited the proliferation of NSCs. Meanwhile, we also found STAT1 regulation could control the differentiation of NSCs. More neurons and glia cells were generated from NSCs with STAT1 silencing. This process was mediated by the JNK/STAT1 signaling. STAT1 inhibitor promoted differentiation of NSCs. After transplantation, we observed more neurons generated from NSCs with shRNA-STAT1 treatment. Collectively, this work showed an efficient way to regulate neuronal differentiation of NSCs through regulating the STAT1 expression. This is likely to provide source and theoretical support to cell replacement based theory.

中文翻译：

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STAT1的下调通过JNK途径诱导神经干细胞的分化。

神经干细胞（NSC）产生神经元和神经胶质细胞。因此，它是针对神经疾病的基于细胞替代疗法的优选候选药物。调节NSCs分化的信号传导途径已被广泛研究。在本研究中，我们使用体外培养系统阐明了信号转导和转录激活因子1（STAT1）在NSC分化中的作用。STAT1的下调抑制了NSC的增殖。同时，我们还发现STAT1调控可控制NSC的分化。具有STAT1沉默的NSC产生了更多的神经元和神经胶质细胞。该过程由JNK / STAT1信号传导介导。STAT1抑制剂促进神经干细胞的分化。移植后，我们观察到通过shRNA-STAT1处理可从NSC产生更多的神经元。总的来说，这项工作表明了通过调节STAT1表达来调节NSCs神经元分化的有效方法。这很可能为基于细胞置换的理论提供来源和理论支持。