Introduction: The statistical quality of many trial-based economic evaluations is poor. When conducting trial-based economic evaluations, researchers often turn to national pharmacoeconomic guidelines for guidance. Therefore, this study reviewed which recommendations are currently given by national pharmacoeconomic guidelines on the statistical analysis of trial-based economic evaluations.Areas covered: 40 national pharmacoeconomic guidelines were identified. Data were extracted on the guidelines' recommendations on how to deal with baseline imbalances, skewed costs, correlated costs and effects, clustering of data, longitudinal data, and missing data in trial-based economic evaluations. Four guidelines (10%) were found to include recommendations on how to deal with baseline imbalances, five (13%) on how to deal with skewed costs, and seven (18%) on how to deal with missing data. Recommendations were very general in nature and recommendations on dealing with correlated costs and effects, clustering of data, and longitudinal data were lacking.Expert opinion: Current national pharmacoeconomic guidelines provide little to no guidance on how to deal with the statistical challenges to trial-based economic evaluations. Since the use of suboptimal statistical methods may lead to biased results, and, therefore, possibly to a waste of scarce resources, national agencies are advised to include more statistical guidance in their pharmacoeconomic guidelines.

中文翻译：

---

国家药物经济学指南对基于试验的经济评估的统计分析有何建议？

简介：许多基于试验的经济评估的统计质量很差。在进行基于试验的经济评估时，研究人员经常求助于国家药物经济学指南。因此，本研究回顾了国家药物经济学指南对基于试验的经济评估的统计分析当前提出了哪些建议。涵盖的领域：确定了40份国家药物经济学指南。根据指南的建议提取了数据，这些建议涉及如何处理基于基准的经济评估中的基线不平衡，成本偏斜，相关成本和影响，数据聚类，纵向数据以及缺失数据。发现有四项准则（占10％）包含有关如何处理基准不平衡的建议，五项准则（有13％）包含有关如何应对偏斜成本的建议，还有七个（18％）关于如何处理丢失的数据。建议本质上是非常笼统的，缺乏有关相关成本和效果，数据聚类和纵向数据的建议。专家意见：当前的国家药物经济学指南几乎没有提供关于如何应对基于试验的统计挑战的指导经济评估。由于使用次优的统计方法可能导致结果偏倚，因此可能浪费稀缺的资源，因此建议国家机构在其药物经济学指南中纳入更多的统计指导。当前的国家药物经济学指南几乎没有提供关于如何应对基于试验的经济评估的统计挑战的指导。由于使用次优的统计方法可能导致结果偏倚，因此可能浪费稀缺的资源，因此建议国家机构在其药物经济学指南中纳入更多的统计指导。当前的国家药物经济学指南几乎没有提供关于如何应对基于试验的经济评估的统计挑战的指导。由于使用次优的统计方法可能导致结果偏倚，因此可能浪费稀缺的资源，因此建议国家机构在其药物经济学指南中纳入更多的统计指导。