Objective

Unhealed hip fractures are underrepresented in the archaeological record, suggesting that better identification criteria are required. This paper evaluates whether a sample of documented perimortem hip fractures displayed classic perimortem features and which features may facilitate better identification of such fractures in the archaeological record.

Materials

Ten individuals from the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection with documented hip fractures and intervals of survival.

Methods

We observed the skeletal remains macroscopically and with a Keyence VHX-2000 digital microscope at a range of 5x to 100x magnification.

Results

90% of the individuals and 64% of the fragments had identifiable perimortem features; hinging was the most consistent feature. Eburnation was found in two individuals who died 13 days after sustaining a hip fracture.

Conclusions

This study underscores the importance of examining fracture margins for evidence of hinging. Eburnation may be added to the list of potential perimortem fracture identification criteria.

Significance

Identifying perimortem trauma unequivocally remains challenging. Using collections with documented perimortem fractures aids in determining which criteria are most likely to appear in archaeological human bone.

Limitations

The fracture location patterning (70% intertrochanteric) may be the result of sample selection.

Suggestions for future research

Further intensive comparative investigation with the Hamann-Todd Collection would elucidate patterns further.

中文翻译：

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在已记录的骨骼系列中，髋骨骨折后的perimortem骨折表现和死亡率。

目的

未愈合的髋部骨折在考古记录中的代表性不足，表明需要更好的鉴定标准。本文评估了已记录的尸体髋骨骨折样本是否显示出经典的尸体尸体特征，以及哪些特征可能有助于在考古记录中更好地识别此类骨折。

用料

Robert J. Terry解剖骨骼收藏中的十个人记录了髋部骨折和生存间隔。

方法

我们用Keyence VHX-2000数码显微镜宏观观察了骨骼的残留，其放大倍数为5倍至100倍。

结果

90％的个体和64％的碎片具有可识别的尸体尸检特征；铰链是最一致的功能。在两个人中发现烧伤，他们在髋部骨折后13天死亡。

结论

这项研究强调了检查骨折边缘以获取铰链证据的重要性。可能将烧伤添加到潜在的尸体骨折识别标准列表中。

意义

明确确定尸体外伤仍然具有挑战性。使用已记录的尸体周围骨折的资料集有助于确定哪些标准最有可能出现在考古人体骨骼中。

局限性

骨折部位的图案（股骨粗隆间占70％）可能是样本选择的结果。

对未来研究的建议

Hamann-Todd收藏集的进一步深入比较研究将进一步阐明模式。