The methylotrophic yeasts Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha and Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) have important industrial applications and are models for several biological processes including peroxisome biology and methanol metabolism. We examined the carbon source requirements for mating-type (MAT) switching and mating in both species. Haploid strains of O. polymorpha and K. phaffii are homothallic, and switch MAT by a flip/flop mechanism in which a chromosomal region containing the MAT genes undergoes an inversion. MAT switching is induced by nitrogen starvation in both species and can be detected 4-6 hr after induction. Both switching and mating require a utilizable carbon source that can be either fermentable or nonfermentable. We further observed that although methanol can be used as a sole carbon source in both species, it does not support the induction of MAT switching or mating. Our results provide insight into the nutritional cues that influence entry into sexual processes in methylotrophic yeasts that undergo flip/flop MAT switching.

中文翻译：

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甲基营养型酵母Ogataea（Hansenula）polymorpha和Komagataella phaffii（Pichia pastoris）交配和交配类型转换的碳源要求。

甲基营养型酵母Ogataea（Hansenula）polymorpha和Komagataella phaffii（Pichia pastoris）具有重要的工业应用，并且是包括过氧化物酶体生物学和甲醇代谢在内的几种生物学过程的模型。我们研究了两种物种交配型（MAT）转换和交配的碳源要求。O. polymorpha和K. phaffii的单倍体菌株是同型的，并通过翻转/翻转机制转换MAT，其中包含MAT基因的染色体区域发生倒置。两种物种的氮饥饿都诱导了MAT转换，诱导后4-6小时可以检测到。转换和配对均需要可发酵或不可发酵的可利用碳源。我们进一步观察到，尽管在两种物种中甲醇都可以用作唯一的碳源，它不支持MAT切换或配对。我们的结果提供了对影响进行翻转/翻转MAT转换的甲基营养型酵母进入性过程的营养提示的见解。