We review recent advances in the characterization of electronic forms of energy transport in emerging semiconductors. The approaches described all temporally and spatially resolve the evolution of initially localized populations of photogenerated excitons or charge carriers. We first provide a comprehensive background for describing the physical origin and nature of electronic energy transport both microscopically and from the perspective of the observer. We introduce the new family of far-field, time-resolved optical microscopies developed to directly resolve not only the extent of this transport but also its potentially temporally and spatially dependent rate. We review a representation of examples from the recent literature, including investigation of energy flow in colloidal quantum dot solids, organic semiconductors, organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites, and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. These examples illustrate how traditional parameters like diffusivity are applicable only within limited spatiotemporal ranges and how the techniques at the core of this review,especially when taken together, are revealing a more complete picture of the spatiotemporal evolution of energy transport in complex semiconductors, even as a function of their structural heterogeneities.

中文翻译：

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新兴半导体中的空间分辨光生激子和电荷传输。

我们回顾了新兴半导体中电子形式的能量传输表征的最新进展。所描述的方法在时间和空间上都解决了光生激子或电荷载流子的初始局部种群的演化。我们首先提供一个全面的背景，从微观上以及从观察者的角度描述电子能量传输的物理起源和性质。我们介绍了开发的新的远场，时间分辨光学显微镜产品系列，它们不仅可以直接解决这种传输的程度，而且还可以解决其潜在的时空依赖性。我们回顾了最近文献中的一些示例，包括对胶体量子点固体，有机半导体，有机-无机金属卤化物钙钛矿和2D过渡金属二卤化物。这些示例说明了像扩散率这样的传统参数如何仅在有限的时空范围内适用，以及本综述的核心技术（尤其是当综合考虑时）如何揭示复杂半导体中能量传输的时空演化的更完整图景，甚至是其结构异质性的函数。