High endemicity of Johne’s disease (JD) in herds adversely affects heavy milk yielding breeds by reducing the per animal productivity and ‘productive life-span’. This review evaluates different vaccines used for its control and summarizes the benefits of ‘global vaccine’ in the four major domestic livestock species, namely goat, sheep, buffalo and cattle. Vaccines developed by using ‘native strains’ revealed both 'therapeutic' and preventive effects in domestic livestock. The 'therapeutic' role of vaccine in animals suffering from clinical JD turned out to be valuable in some cases by reversing the disease process and animals returning back to health and production. Good herd management, improved hygiene, ‘test and cull’ methodology, proper disposal of animal excreta and monitoring of MAP bio-load were also regarded as crucial in the 'therapeutic' management of JD. Vaccine approaches have been widely adopted in JD control programs and may be considered as a valuable adjunct in order to utilize huge populations of otherwise un-productive livestock. It has been shown that vaccination was the preeminent strategy to control JD, because it yielded approximately 3–4 times better benefit-to-cost ratios than other strategies. Internationally, 146 vaccine trials/studies have been conducted in different countries for the control of JD and have shown remarkable reduction in its national prevalence. It is concluded that for JD, there cannot be global vaccines or diagnostic kits as solutions have to come from locally prevalent strains of MAP. Despite some limitations, vaccines might still be an effective strategy to reduce or eradicate JD.

牛群中约翰尼病（JD）的高度流行性会降低每头动物的生产力和“生产寿命”，从而对高产牛奶品种产生不利影响。这篇综述评估了用于控制其的不同疫苗，并总结了“全球疫苗”在四种主要家畜中的益处，即山羊，绵羊，水牛和牛。使用“天然毒株”开发的疫苗对家畜显示出“治疗”和预防作用。在某些情况下，通过逆转疾病进程并使动物恢复健康和生产，疫苗在患有临床JD的动物中的“治疗”作用非常有价值。良好的畜群管理，改善的卫生状况，“测试和剔除”方法，在JD的“治疗”管理中，正确处理动物排泄物和监测MAP生物负荷也被视为至关重要。疫苗方法已在京东（JD）控制计划中广泛采用，并且可以被认为是有价值的辅助手段，以利用大量原本无法生产的牲畜。研究表明，接种疫苗是控制JD的主要策略，因为与其他策略相比，其产生的成本效益比提高了约3-4倍。在国际上，已经在不同国家进行了146项疫苗控制试验/研究，以控制JD，并且显示其全国流行率显着降低。结论是对于JD，不可能有全球疫苗或诊断试剂盒，因为解决方案必须来自本地流行的MAP菌株。尽管有一些限制，