Background: Undernutrition among schoolchildren is a prevalent public health problem which may be due to inadequate energy and nutrient intakes associated with low dietary diversity. Objective: This study assessed dietary diversity scores (DDS), energy and nutrient intakes of schoolchildren (6-15 years), and risks factors of DDS and determined if energy and nutrient intakes were dependent on dietary diversity. Methods: The study involved a 2-stage random sampling of 90 schoolchildren. Dietary diversity and nutrient intake data were obtained through a 3-day weighed food intake. Analysis of variance, t test, and χ2 with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test were used to determine relationships among and between variables; P < .05 was reported as significant. Results: Few (22.2%) had high DDS with no significant difference (P > .05) between age groups and sex. Children from male headed households were more likely to have medium DDS (odds ratio [OR] = 3.231; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.037-10.070) than those from female headed households (P < .05). Low nutrient intakes were observed among 85.6% for niacin, 76.7% for calcium, 72.2% for riboflavin, 54.4% for protein, 32.2% for thiamine, and 15.6% for vitamin C. Among boys, prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake was significantly (P < .05) higher among 6- to 9-year-olds. Among girls, prevalence of inadequate vitamin A intake was significantly (P < .01) higher among 10 to 15-year-olds. Children with adequate intakes of iron (OR = 0.744, 95% CI = 0.653-0.847) and thiamine (OR = 5.651, 95% CI = 1.214-26.310) were more likely to have high DDS. Conclusion: The schoolchildren had low energy and nutrient intakes. Iron and thiamine, intakes were dependent on DDS.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚农村学童的能量和营养摄入量：与膳食多样性的关系

背景：学龄儿童营养不良是一个普遍存在的公共卫生问题，这可能是由于与膳食多样性低相关的能量和营养摄入不足所致。目的：本研究评估了膳食多样性评分 (DDS)、学龄儿童（6-15 岁）的能量和营养摄入量以及 DDS 的风险因素，并确定能量和营养摄入量是否依赖于膳食多样性。方法：该研究涉及 90 名学童的 2 阶段随机抽样。饮食多样性和营养摄入数据是通过 3 天称重的食物摄入量获得的。方差分析、t 检验和 χ2 与 Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel 检验用于确定变量之间的关系；P < .05 被报告为显着。结果：少数 (22.2%) 具有高 DDS 且无显着差异 (P > . 05) 年龄组和性别之间。男户主家庭的孩子比女户主家庭的孩子更有可能有中等 DDS（优势比 [OR] = 3.231；95% 置信区间 [CI] = 1.037-10.070）（P < .05）。在 85.6% 的烟酸、76.7% 的钙、72.2% 的核黄素、54.4% 的蛋白质、32.2% 的硫胺素和 15.6% 的维生素 C 中观察到低营养摄入。 在男孩中，核黄素摄入不足的发生率显着（P < .05) 在 6 至 9 岁儿童中更高。在女孩中，维生素 A 摄入不足的发生率在 10 至 15 岁之间显着（P < .01）更高。摄入足够铁 (OR = 0.744, 95% CI = 0.653-0.847) 和硫胺素 (OR = 5.651, 95% CI = 1.214-26.310) 的儿童更有可能出现高 DDS。结论：学童的能量和营养摄入量较低。