Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a serious disease of goats, occasionally sheep and wild ruminants, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). The disease is characterized by severe serofibrinous pleuropneumonia, very high morbidity (∼100%), and mortality (80–100%). CCPP affects goats in more than 40 countries of the world thereby posing a serious threat to goat farming around the globe. The characteristic clinical signs of CCPP are severe respiratory distress associated with sero-mucoid nasal discharge, coughing, dyspnea, pyrexia, pleurodynia, and general malaise. In later stages, severe lobar fibrinous pleuropneumonia, profuse fluid accumulation in pleural cavity, severe congestion of lungs and adhesion formation is observed. Mycoplasmal antigen interactions with host immune system and its role in CCPP pathogenesis are not clearly understood. CCPP is not a zoonotic disease. Diagnosis has overcome cumbersome and lengthy conventional tests involving culture, isolation, and identification by advanced serological (LAT, cELISA) or gene-based amplification of DNA (PCR, RFLP, and hybridization) and sequencing. The latex agglutination test (LAT) is rapid, simple, and better test for field and real-time diagnosis applicable to whole blood or serum and is more sensitive than the CFT and easier than the cELISA. Moreover, the studies on antibiotic sensitivity and exploration of novel antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, macrolides) can help in better therapeutic management besides preventing menace of antibiotic resistance. Re-visiting conventional prophylactic measures focussing on developing novel strain-based or recombinant vaccines using specific antigens (capsular or cellular) should be the most important strategy for controlling the disease worldwide.

传染性山羊胸膜肺炎 (CCPP) 是山羊（偶尔也包括绵羊和野生反刍动物）的一种严重疾病，由山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种(Mccp) 引起。该疾病的特点是严重的浆液纤维蛋白性胸膜肺炎，发病率（~100%）和死亡率（80-100%）非常高。CCPP影响全球40多个国家的山羊，从而对全球山羊养殖构成严重威胁。CCPP 的特征性临床症状是与血清粘液样鼻分泌物相关的严重呼吸窘迫、咳嗽、呼吸困难、发热、胸膜痛和全身不适。后期可出现严重的大叶纤维素性胸膜肺炎，胸膜腔内大量积液，肺部严重充血，形成粘连。支原体抗原与宿主免疫系统的相互作用及其在 CCPP 发病机制中的作用尚不清楚。CCPP 不是人畜共患疾病。诊断克服了繁琐且冗长的传统测试，包括通过先进的血清学（LAT、cELISA）或基于基因的 DNA 扩增（PCR、RFLP 和杂交）和测序进行培养、分离和鉴定。乳胶凝集试验（LAT）快速、简单，适用于全血或血清，更适合现场和实时诊断，比 CFT 更灵敏，比 cELISA 更容易。此外，对抗生素敏感性的研究和新型抗生素（氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类）的探索除了预防抗生素耐药性的威胁之外，还有助于更好的治疗管理。重新审视传统的预防措施，重点开发使用特定抗原（荚膜或细胞）的新型菌株或重组疫苗，应该是全世界控制该疾病的最重要策略。