Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs) have a central role in the control of natural killer (NK) cell function. The functions of the activating KIRs, as compared to those of the inhibitory KIR, have been more difficult to define due to difficulties in antibody‐mediated identification and their apparent low affinities for HLA class I. Immunogenetic studies have shown associations of activating KIRs with the outcome of autoimmune diseases, pregnancy‐associated disorders, infectious diseases and cancers. Activating KIR are thus thought to have important roles in the control of natural killer cell functions and their role in disease. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on activating KIR, their ligands and, their roles in the pathogenesis and potential therapy of human diseases.

中文翻译：

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激活杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体：检测、功能和治疗用途


杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体（KIR）在控制自然杀伤（NK）细胞功能中发挥着核心作用。与抑制性 KIR 相比，激活性 KIR 的功能更难定义，因为抗体介导的鉴定困难且其与 HLA I 类的亲和力明显较低。免疫遗传学研究表明，激活性 KIR 与 HLA I 类亲和力明显较低。自身免疫性疾病、妊娠相关疾病、传染病和癌症的结果。因此，激活 KIR 被认为在控制自然杀伤细胞功能及其在疾病中的作用中具有重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有关激活 KIR、其配体及其在人类疾病发病机制和潜在治疗中的作用的最新知识。