Fluorescent pseudomonads colonizing wheat ears have a high antagonistic potential against phytopathogenic fungi. To check this hypothesis, the bacterial antagonist Pseudomonas simiae 9 ^rif+/kan+ was spray-inoculated onto the ears of winter wheat in a locally demarcated experimental field plot. Fusarium and Alternaria fungi naturally occurring on the ears and the formation of their mycotoxins in the ripe grains were investigated. Inoculated bacteria were recovered from the plants in the inoculation cell, but not in the untreated neighboring plots or in the air above the plants. Growth of fusaria and alternaria on the ears was not influenced by the bacterial antagonist. Wheat kernels were co-inoculated in vitro with the antagonist and one mycotoxin-producing strain of Fusarium and Alternaria, respectively. Mycotoxin production was almost completely suppressed in these approaches. Concentrations of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, alternariol, and tenuazonic acid were also significantly reduced in ripe grains in the field, but to a lesser extent than in vitro. The results of this and previous studies suggest that widespread biological control of the growth of fusaria and alternaria and their mycotoxin formation by naturally occurring pseudomonads with antagonistic activity is rather unlikely.

中文翻译：

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假单胞菌在体外和在麦田中对镰刀菌和链霉菌霉菌毒素形成的影响。

植于小麦穗上的荧光假单胞菌对植物致病真菌具有很高的拮抗潜力。为了检验这一假设，在局部划定的实验田地中，将细菌拮抗剂假单胞菌simiae 9 ^{rif + / kan +}喷雾接种到冬小麦的穗上。镰刀菌和链格孢菌研究了天然存在于耳朵上的真菌及其在成熟谷物中真菌毒素的形成。在接种室中从植物中回收了被接种的细菌，但未在未处理的邻近地块或植物上方的空气中回收到。耳朵上的镰刀菌和交链孢菌的生长不受细菌拮抗剂的影响。将小麦籽粒与拮抗剂和一种产镰孢和链霉菌的霉菌毒素菌株共同接种， 分别。在这些方法中，霉菌毒素的产生几乎被完全抑制。在田间成熟的谷物中，玉米赤霉烯酮，脱氧雪腐烯醇，交替烯醇和Tenuazonic酸的浓度也显着降低，但程度低于体外。这项研究和以前的研究结果表明，通过具有拮抗活性的天然假单胞菌对氟虫和链霉菌的生长及其霉菌毒素的形成进行广泛的生物控制的可能性相当小。