Cutting force and torque are important factors in the success of the bone drilling process. In the recent past, many attempts have been made to reduce the cutting force and torque in the bone drilling process. In this work, drilling on human cadaver bones has been performed using rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process to investigate the effect of drilling parameters on cutting force and torque. The experimental work was carried on a recently developed rotary ultrasonic bone drilling machine for surgical operations. The experimental work was performed in two phases. The first phase includes a comparative study between rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and conventional surgical bone drilling, to study the influence of various drilling parameters (rotational speed, drill diameter, and drilling tool feed rate) on the cutting force and torque. The results revealed that the cutting force and torque produced during drilling operations in rotary ultrasonic bone drilling were lesser (30%-40%) than conventional surgical bone drilling. In the second phase, response surface methodology was used to perform the statistical modeling of cutting force and torque in rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process. Analysis of variance was performed at a confidence interval of 95% to analyze the significant contribution (p < 0.05) of process parameters (drilling speed, feed rate, drill diameter, and abrasive particle size) on the responses (cutting force and torque). The confirmatory experiments were performed to validate the developed statistical models. It was found that both cutting force and torque decrease with increase in drilling speed and increases with the increasing drill diameter, feed rate, and abrasive particle size.

中文翻译：

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人体尸体骨超声超声钻中切削力和扭矩的实验研究和统计模型。

切削力和扭矩是骨骼钻孔过程成功的重要因素。在最近的过去中，已经进行了许多尝试来减少在骨钻孔过程中的切削力和扭矩。在这项工作中，已经使用旋转超声骨骼钻孔工艺对人尸体骨骼进行钻孔，以研究钻孔参数对切削力和扭矩的影响。实验工作是在最近开发的用于外科手术的旋转超声骨钻孔机上进行的。实验工作分两个阶段进行。第一阶段包括旋转超声骨钻和常规外科骨钻之间的对比研究，以研究各种钻削参数（转速，钻头直径和钻具进给速率）对切削力和扭矩的影响。结果表明，在旋转超声骨钻中，在钻孔操作过程中产生的切削力和扭矩要比传统的外科骨钻要小（30％-40％）。在第二阶段，使用响应表面方法对旋转超声骨钻孔过程中的切削力和扭矩进行统计建模。方差分析以95％的置信区间进行，以分析工艺参数（钻孔速度，进给速度，钻头直径和磨料粒度）对响应（切削力和扭矩）的显着贡献（p <0.05）。进行验证性实验以验证开发的统计模型。结果发现，切削力和扭矩都随钻速的增加而减小，并随钻头直径，进给速度的增加而增加，