Mass spectrometry (MS) is a well-accepted means for analyzing glycans. Before glycan analysis by MS, several chemical derivatizations are generally carried out. These are classified into three categories; (1) labeling of the reducing end of glycans, (2) permethylation, and (3) sialic acid derivatization. Because sialic acid residues are unstable, they are easily lost during pretreatment and during or after ionization in a mass spectrometer. Sialic acid derivatization can prevent the loss of this residue. Recently, new types of sialic acid derivatization techniques have been developed, which allow straight-forward sialic acid linkage analysis (α2,3-/α2,6-linkages) as well as residue stabilization. This review summarizes the developments in sialic acid derivatization techniques, especially the varied methods of sialic acid linkage-specific derivatization.

中文翻译：

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用于通过质谱法进行聚糖分析的唾液酸衍生化。

质谱 (MS) 是一种广为接受的聚糖分析方法。在通过 MS 进行聚糖分析之前，通常会进行几种化学衍生化。这些分为三类；(1) 聚糖还原端标记，(2) 全甲基化，(3) 唾液酸衍生化。由于唾液酸残基不稳定，因此在预处理期间以及在质谱仪中电离期间或之后它们很容易丢失。唾液酸衍生化可以防止这种残基的损失。最近，开发了新型唾液酸衍生化技术，可进行直接的唾液酸键合分析（α2,3-/α2,6-键合）以及残基稳定。本文综述了唾液酸衍生化技术的进展，特别是唾液酸键特异性衍生化的各种方法。