INTRODUCTION Burnout symptomatology is associated with various negative health consequences; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. One potential pathway involves alterations in the acute stress response. The aims of the present study were to examine burnout-associated alterations in stress-reactivity patterns, during a standardized social stressor compared to a control condition, as well as to examine whether effects associated with greater burnout symptomatology were distinct from other, conceptually overlapping indicators of chronic stress (i.e. depressive symptomatology and elevated hair cortisol concentration [HCC]). MATERIALS AND METHODS In a randomized two-factor design a total of 70 employed males with varying burnout symptoms but without evidence of physical or psychiatric disease were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G) or a non-stressful control condition. Acute stress reactivity was assessed using self-report stress measures and non-invasive biomarkers. Associations among acute stress reactivity, burnout and depressive symptoms (assessed with self-report measures), as well as HCC were analysed using repeated measure ANCOVAs and moderation analysis. RESULTS Burnout symptomatology was associated with elevated stress perception independent of the experimental condition. In addition, depressive symptomatology was associated with enhanced anticipatory appraisal, whereas HCC was not related to any subjective stress measure. On a physiological level, burnout and depressive symptomatology, as well as HCC were associated with a pattern of blunted cardiovascular reactivity, however the timing of this effect varied. CONCLUSION Our results indicate burnout-associated modulations in stress reactivity, which diverge, at least partly, from other indicators of chronic stress.

中文翻译：

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检查倦怠和其他慢性压力指标的反应模式

介绍 倦怠症状与各种负面健康后果有关。然而，这些关联背后的机制仍不清楚。一种潜在的途径涉及急性应激反应的改变。本研究的目的是检查与对照条件相比，在标准化的社会压力源期间，与压力反应模式的倦怠相关的变化，以及检查与更严重的倦怠症状相关的影响是否与其他概念上重叠的指标不同慢性压力（即抑郁症状和升高的头发皮质醇浓度 [HCC]）。材料和方法 在随机双因素设计中，共有 70 名具有不同倦怠症状但没有身体或精神疾病证据的受雇男性接受了特里尔团体社会压力测试 (TSST-G) 或非压力控制条件. 使用自我报告压力测量和非侵入性生物标志物评估急性压力反应性。使用重复测量 ANCOVA 和适度分析来分析急性应激反应、倦怠和抑郁症状（通过自我报告措施评估）以及 HCC 之间的关联。结果 倦怠症状与升高的压力感知相关，与实验条件无关。此外，抑郁症状与增强的预期评估相关，而 HCC 与任何主观压力测量无关。在生理水平上，倦怠和抑郁症状以及 HCC 与心血管反应迟钝的模式有关，但这种影响的时间各不相同。结论 我们的结果表明压力反应性的倦怠相关调制，这至少部分地与慢性压力的其他指标不同。