Studies of brain structure have shown that the cortex matures in both a linear and nonlinear manner depending on the time window and specific region studied. In addition, it has been shown that socioeconomic status can impact brain development throughout childhood. However, very few studies have evaluated these patterns using functional measures. To this end, in this study we used cross-sectional resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 368 subjects, age 3-21 years, to examine the linear and nonlinear development of brain connectivity. We employed a clustering approach to characterize these developmental patterns into different linear and nonlinear groups. Our results showed that functional brain development exhibits multiple types of linear and nonlinear patterns, and assuming that brain connectivity values reach a stable state after a specific age might be misleading.

中文翻译：

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大脑发育包括线性和多个非线性轨迹：横断面静止状态功能磁共振成像研究。

对大脑结构的研究表明，取决于所研究的时间窗和特定区域，皮质以线性和非线性方式成熟。此外，研究表明，社会经济状况会影响整个儿童的大脑发育。但是，很少有研究使用功能性指标评估这些模式。为此，在这项研究中，我们使用了3至21岁的368名受试者的横断面静息状态功能磁共振成像数据来检查大脑连通性的线性和非线性发展。我们采用聚类方法将这些发展模式表征为不同的线性和非线性组。我们的结果表明，功能性大脑发育表现出多种类型的线性和非线性模式，