Prior research shows that contextual reminders can reactivate hippocampal links to previously consolidated memories, rendering them susceptible to being updated with new information which then is reconsolidated. Studies implicate sleep in the reconsolidation of reactivated memories, but it is unknown what role sleep plays in updating of a previously consolidated trace with new information. We tracked participants' sleep during an episodic reconsolidation paradigm, first with actigraphy (Experiment 1) then with polysomnography (Experiment 2). Our paradigm involved two learning sessions and a retrieval session, each separated by 48 hr. We reminded participants of the first learning experience immediately prior to the second, which led them to update the earlier memory with elements of the later experience. In Experiment 1, less sleep after Session 1 and more sleep after Session 2 are associated with increased updating. In Experiment 2, N2 sleep spindles (SSs) after the reminder and new learning are associated with more updating, but primarily when spindle activity after Session 1 is low. Thus, total sleep time and N2 SSs contribute to sleep‐dependent updating of episodic memory. This outcome is consistent with other work connecting SS activity to the integration of novel information into existing knowledge structures, extended here with the study of how variations in sleep over successive nights contribute to this process. We discuss some possible roles of spindles in the decontextualization of hippocampal memory over time. Although much work addresses the role of sleep in the consolidation of new memories, this work uniquely addresses the contribution of sleep to the updating of a previously consolidated trace with new information.

中文翻译：

---

睡眠和情景记忆更新之间的关联。

先前的研究表明，上下文提醒可以重新激活与先前巩固记忆的海马链接，使它们容易被新信息更新，然后重新巩固。研究表明睡眠与重新激活的记忆的重新巩固有关，但尚不清楚睡眠在用新信息更新先前巩固的痕迹中起什么作用。我们在情节再巩固范式期间跟踪参与者的睡眠，首先使用活动记录（实验 1），然后使用多导睡眠图（实验 2）。我们的范例涉及两个学习课程和一个检索课程，每个课程相隔 48 小时。我们在第二次学习之前提醒参与者第一次学习体验，这促使他们用后期体验的元素更新早期记忆。在实验 1 中，会话 1 后睡眠减少和会话 2 后睡眠增加与更新增加有关。在实验 2 中，提醒和新学习之后的 N2 睡眠纺锤波 (SS) 与更多更新相关，但主要是在会话 1 之后的纺锤波活动较低时。因此，总睡眠时间和 N2 SS 有助于情景记忆的睡眠依赖性更新。这一结果与将 SS 活动与将新信息整合到现有知识结构中的其他工作相一致，在此扩展为研究连续晚上的睡眠变化如何促成这一过程。随着时间的推移，我们讨论了纺锤体在海马记忆去上下文化中的一些可能作用。虽然很多工作都涉及睡眠在巩固新记忆中的作用，用新信息更新先前合并的跟踪。