Previous studies investigating the processing of complex sentences have demonstrated the involvement of the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG), which might subserve ordering and storage of linguistic components, respectively, for sentence comprehension. However, how these brain regions are interconnected, especially during the processing of Chinese sentences, need to be further explored. In this study, the neural network supporting the comprehension of Chinese relative clause was identified. Both the LIFG and LSTG exhibited higher activation in processing subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs) than object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs). Moreover, a Granger causality analysis revealed that the effective connectivity from the LIFG to LSTG was significant only when participants read Chinese SRCs, which were argued to be more difficult than ORCs. Contrary to the observations of an SRC advantage in most other languages, the present results provide clear neuroimaging evidence for an ORC advantage in Chinese.

中文翻译：

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复杂句理解的左下额叶到左上颞叶有效连接的增强：来自中文关系从句处理的 fMRI 证据

先前调查复杂句子处理的研究表明，左额下回 (LIFG) 和左颞上回 (LSTG) 的参与可能分别有助于句子理解的语言成分的排序和存储。然而，这些大脑区域是如何相互关联的，尤其是在处理中文句子的过程中，还需要进一步探索。本研究确定了支持汉语关系从句理解的神经网络。LIFG 和 LSTG 在处理主体提取的关系从句 (SRC) 方面表现出比对象提取的关系从句 (ORC) 更高的激活。此外，格兰杰因果关系分析表明，只有当参与者阅读中文 SRC 时，从 LIFG 到 LSTG 的有效连接才显着，这被认为比 ORC 更难。与大多数其他语言中 SRC 优势的观察结果相反，目前的结果为中文的 ORC 优势提供了清晰的神经影像学证据。