Pasteurella multocida is a highly versatile pathogen capable of causing infections in a wide range of domestic and wild animals as well as in humans and nonhuman primates. Despite over 135 years of research, the molecular basis for the myriad manifestations of P. multocida pathogenesis and the determinants of P. multocida phylogeny remain poorly defined. The current availability of multiple P. multocida genome sequences now makes it possible to delve into the underlying genetic mechanisms of P. multocida fitness and virulence. Using whole-genome sequences, the genotypes, including the capsular genotypes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes, and multilocus sequence types, as well as virulence factor-encoding genes of P. multocida isolates from different clinical presentations can be characterized rapidly and accurately. Putative genetic factors that contribute to virulence, fitness, host specificity, and disease predilection can also be identified through comparative genome analysis of different P. multocida isolates. However, although some knowledge about genotypes, fitness, and pathogenesis has been gained from the recent whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis studies of P. multocida, there is still a long way to go before we fully understand the pathogenic mechanisms of this important zoonotic pathogen. The quality of several available genome sequences is low, as they are assemblies with relatively low coverage, and genomes of P. multocida isolates from some uncommon host species are still limited or lacking. Here, we review recent advances, as well as continuing knowledge gaps, in our understanding of determinants contributing to virulence, fitness, host specificity, disease predilection, and phylogeny of P. multocida.

中文翻译：

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多杀性巴氏杆菌：基因型和基因组学。

多杀性巴氏杆菌是一种高度通用的病原体，能够在广泛的家畜和野生动物以及人类和非人类灵长类动物中引起感染。尽管进行了超过 135 年的研究，但多杀假单胞菌发病机制的无数表现的分子基础和多杀假单胞菌系统发育的决定因素仍然不明确。目前多个多杀假单胞菌基因组序列的可用性现在使得深入研究多杀假单胞菌适应性和毒力的潜在遗传机制成为可能。使用全基因组序列，可以快速准确地表征来自不同临床表现的多杀假单胞菌分离株的基因型，包括荚膜基因型、脂多糖 (LPS) 基因型和多位点序列类型，以及毒力因子编码基因。还可以通过对不同的多杀假单胞菌分离物进行比较基因组分析来确定导致毒力、适应性、宿主特异性和疾病偏好的假定遗传因素。然而，尽管最近对多杀性多杀性疟原虫的全基因组测序和比较分析研究已经获得了一些关于基因型、适应性和发病机制的知识，但要完全了解这种重要的人畜共患病的致病机制还有很长的路要走。病原。几个可用的基因组序列的质量很低，因为它们是覆盖率相对较低的组装体，并且来自一些不常见宿主物种的多杀假单胞菌分离物的基因组仍然有限或缺乏。在这里，我们回顾了最近的进展，以及持续存在的知识差距，我们对导致毒力、适应性、