Abstract Objective: Comorbid substance misuse and mental health difficulties are recognized as a leading contributor to disease burden worldwide. Amid cuts to health care services, computer-based interventions may provide support for patients experiencing these difficulties. The aims of this systematic review were to identify and investigate the efficacy of these computer-based interventions at improving substance misuse and mental health outcomes. Methods: A systematic search was conducted of CINAHL Plus, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Gray literature was also searched for relevant papers. Data were extracted from 33 papers, which met eligibility criteria by reporting a computer-based intervention designed to treat substance misuse and mental health in adults. Quality assessments were conducted on these papers. Results: Computer-based interventions generally led to an improvement of substance misuse and mental health outcomes within groups and when compared against waitlist control and psychoeducation. Computer-based interventions were effective at improving dual diagnosis outcomes, and improvements to mental health outcomes specifically were maintained for up to nine months. However, the combined effect of computer-based interventions and therapist support was found to be more effective than the effects of computer-based interventions alone. Conclusions: Many papers were limited by high attrition rates commonly attributed to “digital” interventions. Future research should consider systematically recruiting a range of participants, including those potentially affected by the digital divide, and incorporating methods within research to maintain engagement. This review was also limited by the heterogeneity of the papers reported, many of which differed between targeting dual diagnosis and targeting either substance misuse or mental health respectively, with outcomes investigating other difficulties out of curiosity.

中文翻译：

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基于计算机的治疗程序是否能有效减少成人药物滥用的症状和心理健康问题？系统回顾

摘要 目的：共病物质滥用和心理健康困难被认为是全球疾病负担的主要原因。在削减医疗保健服务的同时，基于计算机的干预措施可能会为遇到这些困难的患者提供支持。本系统评价的目的是确定和调查这些基于计算机的干预措施在改善药物滥用和心理健康结果方面的功效。方法：对 CINAHL Plus、PsycARTICLES、PsycINFO、Medline、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆进行了系统搜索。灰色文献也被搜索了相关论文。数据是从 33 篇论文中提取的，这些论文通过报告旨在治疗成人药物滥用和心理健康的基于计算机的干预措施而符合资格标准。对这些论文进行了质量评估。结果：与候补名单控制和心理教育相比，基于计算机的干预通常会改善群体内的药物滥用和心理健康结果。基于计算机的干预措施在改善双重诊断结果方面是有效的，尤其是对心理健康结果的改善持续了长达 9 个月。然而，发现基于计算机的干预和治疗师支持的综合效果比单独基于计算机的干预的效果更有效。结论：许多论文受到通常归因于“数字”干预的高流失率的限制。未来的研究应考虑系统地招募一系列参与者，包括可能受数字鸿沟影响的参与者，并将方法纳入研究以保持参与。这篇综述还受到所报告论文的异质性的限制，其中许多论文在针对双重诊断和分别针对物质滥用或心理健康之间存在差异，结果出于好奇而调查了其他困难。