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Reflections on the use of protein binders to study protein function in developmental biology.
WIREs Mechanisms of Disease ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-02 , DOI: 10.1002/wdev.356
Gustavo Aguilar 1 , M Alessandra Vigano 1 , Markus Affolter 1 , Shinya Matsuda 1
Affiliation  

Studies in the field of developmental biology aim to unravel how a fertilized egg develops into an adult organism and how proteins and other macromolecules work together during this process. With regard to protein function, most of the developmental studies have used genetic and RNA interference approaches, combined with biochemical analyses, to reach this goal. However, there always remains much room for interpretation on how a given protein functions, because proteins work together with many other molecules in complex regulatory networks and it is not easy to reveal the function of one given protein without affecting the networks. Likewise, it has remained difficult to experimentally challenge and/or validate the proposed concepts derived from mutant analyses without tools that directly manipulate protein function in a predictable manner. Recently, synthetic tools based on protein binders such as scFvs, nanobodies, DARPins, and others have been applied in developmental biology to directly manipulate target proteins in a predicted manner. Although such tools would have a great impact in filling the gap of knowledge between mutant phenotypes and protein functions, careful investigations are required when applying functionalized protein binders to fundamental questions in developmental biology. In this review, we first summarize how protein binders have been used in the field, and then reflect on possible guidelines for applying such tools to study protein functions in developmental biology.

中文翻译:

关于使用蛋白质结合剂研究发育生物学中蛋白质功能的思考。

发育生物学领域的研究旨在揭示受精卵如何发育成成年生物,以及蛋白质和其他大分子在此过程中如何协同工作。关于蛋白质功能,大多数开发研究都使用了遗传和RNA干扰方法,并结合了生化分析,以达到这一目标。但是,对于给定蛋白质的功能总是有很大的解释空间,因为蛋白质与复杂调节网络中的许多其他分子一起工作,并且不影响该网络就很难揭示一种给定蛋白质的功能。同样,在没有以可预测的方式直接操纵蛋白质功能的工具的情况下,仍然难以通过实验挑战和/或验证源自突变分析的拟议概念。最近,基于蛋白质结合剂的合成工具(例如scFv,纳米抗体,DARPins等)已用于发育生物学中,以预测的方式直接操纵靶蛋白。尽管此类工具将对填补突变表型和蛋白质功能之间的知识差距产生巨大影响,但在将功能化蛋白质结合剂应用于发育生物学的基本问题时,仍需要仔细研究。在这篇综述中,我们首先总结蛋白质结合剂如何在该领域中使用,然后反思应用此类工具研究发育生物学中蛋白质功能的可能指南。尽管此类工具将对填补突变表型和蛋白质功能之间的知识差距产生巨大影响,但在将功能化蛋白质结合剂应用于发育生物学的基本问题时,仍需要仔细研究。在这篇综述中,我们首先总结了蛋白质结合剂如何在该领域中使用,然后反思了应用此类工具研究发育生物学中蛋白质功能的可能指南。尽管此类工具将对填补突变表型和蛋白质功能之间的知识差距产生巨大影响,但在将功能化蛋白质结合剂应用于发育生物学的基本问题时,需要仔细研究。在这篇综述中,我们首先总结蛋白质结合剂如何在该领域中使用,然后反思应用此类工具研究发育生物学中蛋白质功能的可能指南。
更新日期:2019-07-02
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