Bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, have the ability to develop and maintain bone architecture. Although improved experimental testing approaches are increasing our understanding of the complex structures and functions of bone cells and bone, computational models, particularly finite element analyses, are being used to extend this knowledge and to develop a more theoretical understanding of bone cell behaviors. There are many challenges to developing an accurate and validated computational model due to the complex structure and biomechanical behaviors of the bone cells and bone tissue. A better understanding of the geometry and material properties of bone cells and bone will improve our understanding of the bone's biomechanical behaviors. In this review, we summarize and discuss the different geometric representations and material properties that have been used to model the bone cells. The current status of computational models, a comprehensive overview of the modeling methods for the bone cells, and the challenges for validating the models are presented.

中文翻译：

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骨细胞的计算模型及其对机械刺激的反应生物力学行为。

包括成骨细胞，破骨细胞和骨细胞的骨细胞具有发展和维持骨骼结构的能力。尽管改进的实验测试方法使我们对骨细胞和骨骼的复杂结构和功能的理解有所增强，但是计算模型（尤其是有限元分析）被用于扩展这一知识并发展出对骨细胞行为的更理论性的理解。由于骨细胞和骨组织的复杂结构和生物力学行为，开发精确且经过验证的计算模型面临许多挑战。更好地了解骨骼细胞和骨骼的几何形状和材料特性将改善我们对骨骼的生物力学行为的理解。在这篇评论中 我们总结并讨论了已用于建模骨细胞的不同几何表示形式和材料属性。介绍了计算模型的当前状态，骨骼细胞建模方法的全面概述以及验证模型的挑战。