Fine dust (PM2.5) is generated from various sources, and many studies have reported on the sources of PM2.5. However, the current research on PM2.5 toxicity based on its sources is insufficient. In this study, we developed a framework for the prioritization of fine dust (PM2.5) sources on the basis of the multi-endpoint toxicities using the multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM). To obtain the multi-endpoint toxicities of PM2.5 sources, cell mortality, reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation and mutagenicity were measured for diesel exhaust particles (DEP), gasoline exhaust particles (GEP), rice straw burning particles (RBP), coal combustion particles (CCP) and tunnel dust particles (TDP). The integrative toxicity score (ITS) of the PM2.5 source was calculated using MCDM, which consist of four steps: (1) defining the decision-making matrix, (2) normalization and weighting, (3) calculating the ITS (linear aggregation) and (4) a global sensitivity analysis. The indicator of cell mortality had the highest weight (0.3780) followed by inflammation (0.2471), ROS (0.2178) and mutagenicity (0.1571). Additionally, the ITS based on the sources contributing to PM2.5 resulted in the following order: DEP (0.89), GEP (0.44), RBP (0.40), CCP (0.23) and TDP (0.06). The relative toxicity index (RTI), which represents the ratio of toxicity due to the difference in sources, increases as the contribution of the highly toxic sources increases. The RTI over 1 is closely associated with an increased contribution from highly toxic sources, such as diesel exhaust, gasoline exhaust and biomass burning. It is necessary to investigate the toxicity of various PM2.5 sources and PM2.5 risk based on the sources.

中文翻译：

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使用多标准决策方法将各种细胞毒性终点应用于粉尘（PM2.5）来源的毒性优先排序。

各种来源都会产生细粉尘（PM2.5），许多研究都报告了PM2.5的来源。然而，目前对PM2.5毒性的研究基于其来源是不够的。在这项研究中，我们使用多标准决策方法（MCDM），在多端点毒性的基础上，开发了优先处理细粉尘（PM2.5）来源的框架。为了获得PM2.5来源的多端点毒性，测量了柴油机排气颗粒（DEP），汽油排气颗粒（GEP），稻草燃烧颗粒（RBP）的细胞死亡率，活性氧（ROS），炎症和致突变性。 ，燃煤颗粒（CCP）和隧道粉尘颗粒（TDP）。使用MCDM计算PM2.5来源的综合毒性评分（ITS），包括四个步骤：（1）定义决策矩阵；（2）归一化和加权；（3）计算ITS（线性聚合）；（4）全局敏感性分析。细胞死亡率的指标最高（0.3780），其次是炎症（0.2471），ROS（0.2178）和致突变性（0.1571）。此外，基于造成PM2.5的来源的ITS的顺序如下：DEP（0.89），GEP（0.44），RBP（0.40），CCP（0.23）和TDP（0.06）。相对毒性指数（RTI）表示由于来源不同而引起的毒性比率，随着高毒性来源的贡献增加而增加。1以上的RTI与高毒性来源（例如柴油机废气，汽油废气和生物质燃烧）的贡献增加密切相关。有必要研究各种PM2的毒性。