The present study examined the role of the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) in extinction behavior. Male Long-Evans rats were initially trained on the straight alley maze, in which they were reinforced to traverse a straight runway and retrieve food reward at the opposite end of the maze. After initial acquisition, animals were given extinction training using 1 of 2 distinct protocols: response extinction or latent extinction. For response extinction, the animal was released from the same starting position and had the opportunity to perform the originally reinforced approach response to the goal end of the maze, which no longer contained food. For latent extinction, the animal was confined to the original goal location without food, allowing the animal to form a new cognitive expectation (i.e., that the goal location is no longer reinforced). Immediately before response or latent extinction training, animals received bilateral intra-DLS administration of the sodium channel blocker bupivacaine or control injections of physiological saline. Results indicated that neural inactivation of the DLS with bupivacaine impaired response extinction, but did not influence latent extinction. The dissociation observed indicates that the DLS selectively mediates extinction mechanisms involving suppression of the original response, as opposed to cognitive mechanisms involving a change in expectation. (PsycINFO Database Record

中文翻译：

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背外侧纹状体的神经失活对反应和潜在灭绝的不同影响。

本研究检查了背侧纹状体（DLS）在灭绝行为中的作用。最初，雄性Long-Evans大鼠是在直线迷宫中训练的，对它们进行了加固以穿越直线跑道并在迷宫的另一端获得食物奖励。初始采集后，使用以下两种不同的方案之一对动物进行灭绝训练：响应灭绝或潜在灭绝。为了消灭反应，将动物从相同的起始位置释放，并有机会对迷宫的目标端进行最初增强的进近响应，该目标不再包含食物。对于潜在的灭绝，将动物限制在没有食物的原始目标位置，让动物形成新的认知期望（即目标位置不再得到加固）。在反应或潜在灭绝训练即将来临之前，动物接受钠通道阻断剂布比卡因的双侧DLS内给药或生理盐水的对照注射。结果表明布比卡因对DLS的神经失活会损害反应的灭绝，但不会影响潜在的灭绝。观察到的解离表明，DLS有选择地介导了涉及抑制原始反应的灭绝机制，与涉及期望变化的认知机制相反。（PsycINFO数据库记录 结果表明布比卡因对DLS的神经失活会损害反应的灭绝，但不会影响潜在的灭绝。观察到的解离表明，DLS有选择地介导了涉及抑制原始反应的灭绝机制，与涉及期望变化的认知机制相反。（PsycINFO数据库记录 结果表明布比卡因对DLS的神经失活会损害反应的灭绝，但不会影响潜在的灭绝。观察到的解离表明，DLS有选择地介导了涉及抑制原始反应的灭绝机制，与涉及期望变化的认知机制相反。（PsycINFO数据库记录