Background

The trapezius is an extensive muscle subdivided into upper, middle, and lower parts. This muscle is a dominant stabilizer of the scapula, normally operating synergistically with other scapular muscles, most notably the serratus anterior. Altered activation, poor control, or reduced strength of the different parts of the trapezius have been linked with abnormal scapular movements, often associated with pain. Several exercises have been designed and studied that specifically target the different parts of the trapezius, with the goal of developing exercises that optimize scapular position and scapulohumeral rhythm that reduce pain and increase function.

Methods

This paper describes the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the trapezius as well as exercises that selectively target the activation of the different parts of this complex muscle.

Conclusions

This review provides the anatomy and kinesiology of the trapezius muscle with the underlying intention of understanding how this muscle contributes to the normal mechanics of the scapula as well as the entire shoulder region. This paper can guide the clinician with planning exercises that specifically target the different parts of the trapezius. It is recommended that this paper be read as a companion to another paper: Kinesiologic considerations for targeting activation of scapulothoracic muscles – part 1: serratus anterior.

中文翻译：

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靶向激活肩oth动脉肌肉的运动学考量-第2部分：斜方肌。

背景

斜方肌是广泛的肌肉，分为上，中和下部。该肌肉是肩cap骨的主要稳定器，通常与其他肩cap骨肌肉，尤其是前锯肌协同作用。斜方肌不同部位的激活改变，控制不力或强度降低与异常肩骨运动有关，通常与疼痛有关。设计并研究了几种专门针对斜方肌不同部位的运动，目的是开发可优化肩cap骨位置和肩肱节律以减轻疼痛并增强功能的运动。

方法

本文介绍了斜方肌的解剖学，运动学和病理运动学以及选择性针对该复杂肌肉不同部分的激活的运动。

结论

这篇综述提供了斜方肌的解剖学和运动学，其基本意图是了解斜方肌如何对肩cap骨以及整个肩部区域的正常力学做出贡献。本文可以通过针对斜方肌不同部位的计划练习来指导临床医生。建议将此文章与另一篇文章一起阅读：靶向激活肩or动脉肌肉的运动学考量-第1部分：前锯肌。