The wealth of biotransformational capabilities encoded in the microbiome expose the host to an array of bioactive xenobiotic products. Several of these metabolites participate in the communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system and have potential to modulate central physiological and pathological processes. This biochemical interplay can occur through various direct and indirect mechanisms. These include binding to host receptors in the brain, stimulation of the vagus nerve in the gut, alteration of central neurotransmission, and modulation of neuroinflammation. Here, the potential for short chain fatty acids, bile acids, neurotransmitters and other bioactive products of the microbiome to participate in the gut-brain axis will be reviewed.

中文翻译：

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闲话：微生物代谢物参与从微生物群到大脑的信号传导。

微生物组中编码的丰富的生物转化能力使宿主暴露于一系列具有生物活性的异源生物产品中。这些代谢物中的几种参与胃肠道与中枢神经系统之间的通讯，并具有调节中枢生理和病理过程的潜力。这种生化相互作用可以通过各种直接和间接机制发生。这些包括与大脑中宿主受体的结合，肠中迷走神经的刺激，中枢神经传递的改变以及神经炎症的调节。在这里，将审查微生物组中短链脂肪酸，胆汁酸，神经递质和其他生物活性产物参与肠脑轴的潜力。