As current levels of antimicrobial resistance are alarming, the World Health Organization urged the development of new antimicrobials to fight infections produced by multidrug resistant bacteria. Antibiotics impose severe selective pressure for the development of resistance, and currently bacteria resistant to all of them exist. In this review, we discuss the release and development of new antibacterial drugs and their properties as well as the current advances in the development of alternative approaches to combat bacterial infections, including the repurposing of drugs, anti-virulence therapies, the use of photosensitizers, phage therapy, and immunotherapies, with an emphasis on what is currently known about the possible development of bacterial resistance against them.

中文翻译：

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药物引入与微生物耐药性出现之间的竞争。当前的平衡和替代方法。

由于目前的抗菌素耐药性水平令人震惊，世界卫生组织敦促开发新的抗菌素，以抵抗由多药耐药菌引起的感染。抗生素对耐药性的产生施加了严格的选择压力，并且目前存在对所有抗生素都有耐药性的细菌。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了新的抗菌药物的释放和开发及其特性，以及与细菌感染作斗争的替代方法的最新进展，包括药物的重新用途，抗毒力疗法，光敏剂的使用，噬菌体疗法和免疫疗法，重点是目前对细菌对它们的耐药性可能发展的认识。