BackgroundThe aim of this survey was to determine the effects of an aerobic physical training program of six months duration on the serum and urinary concentrations of essential trace elements among middle distance runners and untrained, non-sportsmen participants.Methods24 well-trained, middle-distance (1500 and 5000 m), aerobic male runners (AG) were recruited at the beginning of their training season and 26 untrained males formed the control group (CG). All participants were from the same region of Spain, and all of them had been living in this area for at least two years. Serum and urine of samples of Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Selenium (Se), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) were obtained at the beginning of the training season, and six months later, from all participants. All samples were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).ResultsTwo-way ANOVA showed significant differences relative to group effect in serum concentrations of Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn. Attending to time effect, there were differences in Mn (p = 0.003) and Zn (p = 0.001). The group x time interaction revealed differences only in the case of Mn (p = 0.04). In urine, significant differences between group were obtained in Co, Cu, Mn, Se and V. Time effect showed changes in Co, Cy, Mo and Se. Finally, the group and time interaction revealed significant differences in urinary Cu (p = 0.001), Mn (p = 0.01) and Se (p = 0.001).ConclusionsA six-month aerobic training program for well-trained athletes induced modifications in the body values of several minerals, a fact which may reflect adaptive responses to physical exercise. The obtained data could be interesting for physicians or coaches in order to consider specific modifications in sportsmen’s diets as well as to determine specific nutritional supplementation strategies.

中文翻译：

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6个月体能训练计划对中距离精英跑者血清和尿液中微量金属浓度的影响

背景本次调查的目的是确定为期六个月的有氧体能训练计划对中长跑运动员和未经训练的非运动员参与者血清和尿液中必需微量元素的浓度的影响。方法24 训练有素的中距离运动员（1500 米和 5000 米），有氧男跑者 (AG) 在训练季开始时被招募，26 名未受过训练的男性组成对照组 (CG)。所有参与者都来自西班牙的同一地区，并且都在该地区生活了至少两年。在训练赛季开始时采集了钴 (Co)、铜 (Cu)、锰 (Mn)、钼 (Mo)、硒 (Se)、钒 (V) 和锌 (Zn) 样本的血清和尿液，六个月后，来自所有参与者。所有样品均采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法 (ICP-MS) 进行分析。结果双向方差分析显示 Co、Cu、Mn、Mo、Se 和 Zn 的血清浓度相对于组效应存在显着差异。考虑到时间效应，Mn (p = 0.003) 和 Zn (p = 0.001) 存在差异。组 x 时间相互作用仅在 Mn 的情况下显示差异（p = 0.04）。在尿液中，Co、Cu、Mn、Se 和 V 的组间差异显着。时间效应显示 Co、Cy、Mo 和 Se 的变化。最后，组和时间的相互作用揭示了尿 Cu (p = 0.001)、Mn (p = 0.01) 和 Se (p = 0.001) 的显着差异。几种矿物质的价值，这一事实可能反映了对体育锻炼的适应性反应。