The study investigated the effects of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) gene on liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) infections (FH-INF), gastrointestinal nematode infections (GIN-INF) and disease indicator traits [e.g. somatic cell score (SCS), fat-to-protein ratio (FPR)] in German dual-purpose cattle (DSN). A genome-wide association study inferred the chip SNP ALCAMc.73+32791A>G as a candidate for F. hepatica resistance in DSN. Because of the crucial function of ALCAM in immune responses, SNPs in the gene might influence further resistance and performance traits. Causal mutations were identified in exon 9 (ALCAMc.1017T>C) and intron 9 (ALCAMc.1104+10T>A, ALCAMc.1104+85T>C) in a selective subset of 94 DSN cows. We applied logistic regression analyses for the association between SNP genotypes with residuals for endoparasite traits (rINF-FH, rGIN-INF) and estimated breeding values (EBVs) for test-day traits. The probability of the heterozygous genotype was estimated in dependency of the target trait. Allele substitution effects for rFH-INF were significant for all four loci. The T allele of the SNPs ALCAMc.1017T>C and ALCAMc.1104+85T>C was the favourable allele when improving resistance against FH-INF. Significant allele substitution for rGIN-INF was only found for the chip SNP ALCAMc.73+32791A>G. We identified significant associations between the SNPs with EBVs for milk fat%, protein% and FPR. Dominance effects for the EBVs of test-day traits ranged from 0.00 to 0.47 SD and were in the direction of improved resistance for rFH-INF. We estimated favourable dominance effects from same genotypes for rFH-INF and FPR, but dominance effects were antagonistic between rFH-INF and SCS.

中文翻译：

---

CD166 / ALCAM基因多态性的等位基因取代和优势效应对小牛群体内寄生虫的抵抗力和试验日性状的影响采用逻辑回归分析。

该研究调查了激活的白细胞粘附分子（ALCAM）基因中的四个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）对肝吸虫（Fasciola hepatica）感染（FH-INF），胃肠道线虫感染（GIN-INF）和疾病指标的影响德国两用牛（DSN）的性状[例如体细胞评分（SCS），脂肪与蛋白质比率（FPR）]。全基因组关联研究推断芯片SNP ALCAMc.73 + 32791A> G是DSN中肝炎性肝炎抗性的候选者。由于ALCAM在免疫应答中的关键功能，该基因中的SNP可能会影响进一步的抗性和性能特征。在94例DSN母牛的选择性亚群中，在第9外显子（ALCAMc.1017T> C）和内含子9（ALCAMc.1104 + 10T> A，ALCAMc.1104 + 85T> C）中鉴定了因果突变。我们应用逻辑回归分析分析了SNP基因型与体内寄生虫性状（rINF-FH，rGIN-INF）残差和试验日性状的估计育种值（EBV）之间的关联。杂合基因型的概率估计取决于目标性状。rFH-INF的等位基因替代效应对所有四个基因座均显着。当提高对FH-INF的抗性时，SNPs ALCAMc.1017T> C和ALCAMc.1104 + 85T> C的T等位基因是有利的等位基因。仅在芯片SNP ALCAMc.73 + 32791A> G中发现了rGIN-INF的重要等位基因替代。我们发现牛奶脂肪百分比，蛋白质百分比和FPR的SNP与EBV之间存在显着关联。测试日性状的EBV的优势作用范围从0.00到0.47 SD，并且朝着rFH-INF抗性的提高方向发展。