Excitatory amino acid transporters or EAATs are the major transport mechanism for extracellular glutamate in the nervous system. This family of five carriers not only displays an impressive ability to regulate ambient extracellular glu concentrations but also regulate the temporal and spatial profile of glu after vesicular release. This dynamic form of regulation mediates several characteristic of synaptic, perisynaptic, and spillover activation of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. EAATs function through a secondary active, electrogenic process but also possess a thermodynamically uncoupled ligand gated anion channel activity, both of which have been demonstrated to play a role in regulation of cellular activity. This review will highlight the inception of EAATs as a focus of research, the transport and channel functionality of the carriers, and then describe how these properties are used to regulate glutamatergic neurotransmission.

中文翻译：

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兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白：在谷氨酸能神经传递中的作用。

兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白或 EAAT 是神经系统中细胞外谷氨酸的主要转运机制。这五个载体家族不仅显示出令人印象深刻的调节周围细胞外 glu 浓度的能力，而且还调节囊泡释放后 glu 的时间和空间分布。这种动态调节形式介导了离子型和代谢型受体的突触、突触周围和溢出激活的几个特征。EAAT 通过次级活性生电过程起作用，但也具有热力学非耦合配体门控阴离子通道活性，这两种活性均已被证明在调节细胞活性中发挥作用。本次审查将重点介绍 EAAT 作为研究重点、运营商的传输和信道功能、