Red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) contain bioactive compounds that are known to exhibit antidiabetic effects via inhibition of α-glucosidase. However, information on the nonpolar components that exhibit antidiabetic activity is limited. Here, we report the isolation and structure determination of components with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which were obtained from the hexane extract of red kidney beans. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) were identified as the major components exhibiting inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. The chemical structure of TAGs was determined by a combination of GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS. The primary TAGs identified were LnLnLn (trilinolenin) and LnLLn (1,3-dilinolenoyl-2-linoleoyl glycerol). The major fatty acids present in these TAGs were α-linolenic acid (ω-3) and linoleic acid (ω-6). These TAGs were also found to inhibit the α-glucosidase activity in a similar fashion as acarbose. These results suggest that TAGs have potency as antidiabetics and support the potential suitability of red kidney beans for diabetes treatment.

中文翻译：

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红芸豆（菜豆）己烷提取物中的降糖成分：分离和结构测定。

红芸豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）含有已知通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶表现出抗糖尿病作用的生物活性化合物。但是，关于具有抗糖尿病活性的非极性成分的信息是有限的。在这里，我们报道了从红芸豆的己烷提取物中获得的具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的成分的分离和结构测定。三酰基甘油（TAGs）被确定为主要成分，对α-葡萄糖苷酶表现出抑制活性。TAG的化学结构通过GC-MS和UPLC-MS / MS的组合来确定。鉴定出的主要TAG是LnLnLn（三亚麻油醇）和LnLLn（1,3-二亚油酰基-2-亚油酰基甘油）。这些TAG中存在的主要脂肪酸为α-亚麻酸（ω-3）和亚油酸（ω-6）。还发现这些TAG以与阿卡波糖相似的方式抑制α-葡糖苷酶活性。这些结果表明，TAG具有作为抗糖尿病药的功效，并支持红芸豆对糖尿病治疗的潜在适用性。