Deviance theory introduces a behavioural view on constructive and destructive deviance to explain how an individual’s intent can harm or improve organisational well-being. However, to our knowledge, no scale exists that evaluates the personal orientation aspect of deviance and normativity. This article discusses the creation of the Norm and Deviance-Seeking Personal Orientation Scale (NDPOS). To create this scale, we studied the psychometric properties of the instrument using data from French workers. NDPOS exploratory analysis indicated a 12-item scale composed of four factors: normative conformity, normative rule adequacy, deviant performance seeking, and deviant proactivity seeking. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the factorial structure in four sub-scales. Convergent and discriminant validity indicated that deviant dimensions were positively related to expressing voice, cognitive flexibility, and deviant behaviours, whereas normativity dimensions were negatively or not related to these behaviours. Furthermore, opposite relations between the conformity construct and the four factors were observed. Practical implications and suggestions for the development of future research on constructive deviance theory are discussed.

中文翻译：

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适应组织环境的规范和偏差寻求个人取向量表 (NDPOS)

偏差理论引入了关于建设性和破坏性偏差的行为观点，以解释个人意图如何损害或改善组织福利。然而，据我们所知，不存在评估偏差和规范性的个人取向方面的量表。本文讨论了规范和偏差寻求个人取向量表 (NDPOS) 的创建。为了创建这个量表，我们使用法国工人的数据研究了该仪器的心理测量特性。NDPOS 探索性分析表明，一个 12 项的量表由四个因素组成：规范符合性、规范性规则充分性、越轨绩效寻求和越轨主动寻求。验证性因子分析证实了四个子量表中的因子结构。收敛效度和区分效度表明，越轨维度与表达声音、认知灵活性和越轨行为呈正相关，而规范性维度与这些行为呈负相关或不相关。此外，观察到一致性结构与四个因素之间的相反关系。讨论了建设性偏差理论未来研究发展的实际意义和建议。